ArticleScientific reports2017
Whey Protein Concentrate Renders MDA-MB-231 Cells Sensitive to Rapamycin by Altering Cellular Redox State and Activating GSK3β/mTOR Signaling.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anticancer Potential of Whey Proteins-A Systematic Review of Bioactivity and Functional Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin C decreases reduced glutathione in chronic haemodialysis patients: a pilot, randomised, double-blind trial.International urology and nephrology · 2021Trial
- Whey Processed Oxymel induces apoptosis and S-phase arrest in MCF7 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Protective Role of Whey Protein Isolate on MPPMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dietary factors and their influence on immunotherapy strategies in oncology: a comprehensive review.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Impact of Acute or Chronic Acidosis and Hypoxia on Gene Expression Patterns in Tumour Cells: Potential Functional Implications.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Genome Editing to Abrogate Muscle Atrophy.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Smart Lipid-Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery of Doxorubicin to Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- DNA damage by Withanone as a potential cause of liver toxicity observed for herbal products ofCurrent research in toxicology · 2021Article
- Probing metabolic alterations in breast cancer in response to molecular inhibitors with Raman spectroscopy and validated with mass spectrometry.Chemical science · 2020Article
- Preventive Electroacupuncture Ameliorates D-Galactose-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology and Memory Deficits Probably via Inhibition of GSK3Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- New Insights into the Role of Exercise in Inhibiting mTOR Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Whey protein concentrate (WPC) is an amino acid-rich supplement that has been shown to increase cellular antioxidant capacity. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a crucial regulator of signaling in mammalian cells, and serves as a therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study was designed to investigate the effect of combining WPC with rapamycin on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. These cells were found to be insensitive to rapamycin and exhibited higher glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species levels than non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. However, for MDA-MB-231 cells, the half maximal inhibitory concentration of rapamycin was lower when this drug was administered in combination with WPC than when used alone. Furthermore, combining WPC with rapamycin depleted GSH levels and reduced Nrf2 nuclear accumulation. In addition, WPC activated GSK3β/mTOR signaling, and GSK3β appeared to be involved in the WPC-mediated Nrf2 reduction and mTOR activation. In conclusion, WPC induced rapamycin sensitivity in MDA-MB-231 cells by altering their redox state and activating GSK3β/mTOR signaling. These results not only suggest a novel therapeutic approach for breast cancer treatment, but also provide insight into the critical pathways affecting the resistance to mTOR inhibition observed in a subgroup of TNBC patients.
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