Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29161065›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of public health2018

From Nuremberg to Guantanamo Bay: Uses of Physicians in the War on Terror.

Sondra S Crosby, Gilbert Benavidez

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sondra S CrosbySondra S. Crosby and Gilbert Benavidez are with the Center for Health Law, Ethics & Human Rights, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Gilbert BenavidezSondra S. Crosby and Gilbert Benavidez are with the Center for Health Law, Ethics & Human Rights, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Seventy years after the Nuremberg Doctors' Trial, health professionals and lawyers working together after 9/11 played a critical role in designing, justifying, and carrying out the US state-sponsored torture program in the CIA "Black Sites" and US military detention centers, including Abu Ghraib, Bagram, and Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. We analyze the similarities between the Nazi doctors and health professionals in the War on Terror and address the question of how it happened that health professionals, including doctors, psychologists, physician assistants, and nurses, acted as agents of the state to utilize their medical and healing skills to cause harm and sanitize barbarous acts, similar to (though not on the scale of) how Nazi doctors were used by the Third Reich.

Indexed as

Ethics, MedicalCubaGermanyHealth PersonnelHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansMilitary MedicineNational SocialismPrisoners of WarProfessional RoleSeptember 11 Terrorist AttacksTortureWorld War II

Identifiers

PMID29161065
PMCPMC5719692

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.