ReviewCytotechnology2018
Safety of clomiphene citrate: a literature review.
Review in Cytotechnology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rebalancing immunity: The emerging role of selective estrogen receptor modulators in immunity and autoimmunity.Current trends in immunology · 2025Article
- Post-Conceptional Exposure to Clomiphene Citrate and Congenital Malformations: A Cohort Study.Drug safety · 2024Article
- Ursolic acid attenuates oligospermia in busulfan-induced mice by promoting motor proteins.PeerJ · 2024Article
- Isatin improves oligoasthenospermia caused by busulfan by regulating GSH/GPX4 axis to inhibit ferroptosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- In vitro fertilization impact on the risk of breast cancer.Archive of clinical cases · 2024Review
- Study of Folliculometry After Spontaneous and Clomiphene Citrate-Induced Ovulation in Infertile Women.Cureus · 2023Article
- Article
- NBMA Promotes Spermatogenesis by Mediating Oct4 Pathway.ChemistryOpen · 2022Article
- The edible plantToxicology reports · 2022Article
- Mn(ii)-CatalysedRSC advances · 2020Article
- Current Therapeutic Options for Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in Assisted Reproductive Technology.Drugs · 2020Review
- Obesity and Hypogonadism-A Narrative Review Highlighting the Need for High-Quality Data in Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a nonsteroidal compound and induces ovulation indirectly. The wide usage of the CC raises a question; is it safe or not? In the light of this question, this review aimed to highlight all researches and insights into the association between the use of CC and risk of genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, embryotoxicity, teratogenicity and risk of different cancer types. We conducted a MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar search. After a careful screening process of all authors, 32 of these articles were considered as appropriate, and reviewed. Our evaluations showed that CC has genotoxic, cytotoxic, embryotoxic and teratogenic properties. There is no association between the use of CC and risk of ovarian, breast, uterine, cervix, endometrium, lung, colorectal cancer, and lymphoma. However, risk increased especially after 6 cycles of use and especially in nulligravid women. The use of CC should be restricted to 6 cycles. Moreover, malignant melanoma and thyroid cancer risk was found to be higher among CC treated women in almost all studies. Further works should be conducted especially in animal models to assess its risk features.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.