SynthesisJournal of abnormal child psychology2018
A Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Birth Weight and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
Synthesis in Journal of abnormal child psychology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of size at birth on health, growth and developmental outcomes in children up to age 18: an umbrella review.Archives of disease in childhood · 2023Pooled it
- The Australian evidence-based clinical practice guideline for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2023Guideline
- Implications for the Prevention of Poverty-Related Environmental Risks for Childhood ADHD: A Narrative Review.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Review
- Correction: Implications for the Prevention of Poverty-Related Environmental Risks for Childhood ADHD: A Narrative Review.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of Prenatal Stress Models: Placental and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Mice.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2026Article
- The Evolving ADHD Phenotype in the Externalizing Context.The American journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- Setting a research agenda for examining early risk for elevated cognitive disengagement syndrome symptoms using data from the ABCD cohort.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- The longitudinal effects of neonatal anthropometry on attention problems in males and females.JCPP advances · 2025Article
- Early-life growth and emotional, behavior and cognitive outcomes in childhood and adolescence in the EU child cohort network: individual participant data meta-analysis of over 109,000 individuals.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- The Role of Empathy in ADHD Children: Neuropsychological Assessment and Possible Rehabilitation Suggestions-A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- The utility of multiple assessments in infancy and toddlerhood to predict middle childhood ADHD symptoms: Temperamental, behavioral, and genetic contributions.Infant behavior & development · 2025Article
- Sex-specific effects of birth weight on longitudinal behavioural outcomes in children and adolescents: findings from the raine study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Sex-Specific Effects of Birth Weight on Longitudinal Behavioral Outcomes: A Mendelian Randomization Approach Using Polygenic Scores.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Setting a research agenda for examining early risk for elevated cognitive disengagement syndrome symptoms using data from the ABCD cohort.Research square · 2024Article
- Exploring the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Mental Health in Low Birthweight Children.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2024Article
- Article
- Complex interplay of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), fractures, and osteoporosis: a mendelian randomization study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Neurodevelopmental disorders as a risk factor for temporomandibular disorder: evidence from Mendelian randomization studies.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Growth variables and obstetrical risk factors in newborns are associated with psychomotor development at preschool age.AJOG global reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A large body of work has investigated the association between birth weight and ADHD and has resulted in mixed findings with regard to the direction and magnitude of this association. Despite the vast amount of research on this topic, a comprehensive and systematic quantification of the association between birth weight and ADHD has yet to be undertaken. A meta-analysis of 88 unique studies (N = 4,645,482) was conducted to quantify the overall effect size of birth weight on ADHD symptoms. Several variables were examined as moderators that may contribute to systematic variation in effect sizes. Overall, birth weight was found to have a small, but significant, association with ADHD symptoms such that individuals born at lower birth weights manifested greater symptoms of ADHD (r = -0.15). Sample type, mean birth weight of the sample, geographic region, the informant of ADHD symptoms, ADHD symptom measurement method, and race were all found to contribute significantly to heterogeneity in effect sizes. Notably, several early life risk factors previously found to be associated with both ADHD and birth weight, gestational age and prenatal smoking exposure, were not found to contribute to heterogeneity in effect sizes. The findings of the current analyses align with the growing recognition that early life adversity contributes to neurodevelopmental difficulties, and the findings highlight the importance of a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the association between early life risk factors and adverse neurodevelopmental sequela, such as that observed in ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.