ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2018
Are Cocaine-Seeking "Habits" Necessary for the Development of Addiction-Like Behavior in Rats?
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cued unpredictable intermittent access exacerbates loss of control over ethanol drinking.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Dissociation of decision-making from escalated drug intake within a long-access model.Behavioural brain research · 2026Article
- Cued unpredictable intermittent access exacerbates loss of control over ethanol drinking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Preclinical abuse potential testing using behavioral economics and drug self-administration demand-curve analysis: A strategy to improve resolution of drug stratification for regulatory control.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Does the Habit Theory of Addictions Extend to Disordered Gambling?Current addiction reports · 2026Review
- Alternating self-administration sessions of cocaine and heroin impact drug-related motivation and vocalisations in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Cocaine-Induced Remodeling of the Rat Brain Peptidome: Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals Anatomically Specific Patterns of Cocaine-Regulated Peptide Changes.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Article
- The Incentive-Sensitization Theory of Addiction 30 Years On.Annual review of psychology · 2025Review
- Relapse after intermittent access to cocaine: Discriminative cues more effectively trigger drug seeking than do conditioned cues.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Random interval schedule of reinforcement influences punishment resistance for cocaine in rats.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2024Article
- The Small G-Protein Rac1 in the Dorsomedial Striatum Promotes Alcohol-Dependent Structural Plasticity and Goal-Directed Learning in Mice.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Punishment resistance for cocaine is associated with inflexible habits in rats.Addiction neuroscience · 2024Article
- Does compulsion explain addiction?Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Neurobehavioral Precursors of Compulsive Cocaine Seeking in Dual Frontostriatal Circuits.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Making and breaking habits: Revisiting the definitions and behavioral factors that influence habits in animals.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2024Review
- Dysregulation of the endogenous cannabinoid system following opioid exposure.Psychiatry research · 2023Review
- Astrocyte activities in the external globus pallidus regulate action-selection strategies in reward-seeking behaviors.Science advances · 2023Article
- Pathways to the persistence of drug use despite its adverse consequences.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Metabotropic glutamate group II receptor activation in the ventrolateral dorsal striatum suppresses incentive motivation for cocaine in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Intermittent access training produces greater motivation for a non-drug reinforcer than long access training.Learning & behavior · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Drug self-administration models of addiction typically require animals to make the same response (e.g., a lever-press or nose-poke) over and over to procure and take drugs. By their design, such procedures often produce behavior controlled by stimulus-response (S-R) habits. This has supported the notion of addiction as a "drug habit," and has led to considerable advances in our understanding of the neurobiological basis of such behavior. However, to procure such drugs as cocaine, addicts often require considerable ingenuity and flexibility in seeking behavior, which, by definition, precludes the development of habits. To better model drug-seeking behavior in addicts, we first developed a novel cocaine self-administration procedure [puzzle self-administration procedure (PSAP)] that required rats to solve a new puzzle every day to gain access to cocaine, which they then self-administered on an intermittent access (IntA) schedule. Such daily problem-solving precluded the development of S-R seeking habits. We then asked whether prolonged PSAP/IntA experience would nevertheless produce "symptoms of addiction." It did, including escalation of intake, sensitized motivation for drug, continued drug use in the face of adverse consequences, and very robust cue-induced reinstatement of drug seeking, especially in a subset of "addiction-prone" rats. Furthermore, drug-seeking behavior continued to require dopamine neurotransmission in the core of the nucleus accumbens (but not the dorsolateral striatum). We conclude that the development of S-R seeking habits is not necessary for the development of cocaine addiction-like behavior in rats.
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