ArticleBMJ open2017
Women and substance use: a qualitative study on sexual and reproductive health of women who use drugs in Delhi, India.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reconstructing Cross-Cultural Meanings of Addiction Among Women from Three Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Outcome of Buprenorphine maintenance treatment among Indian females with opioid dependence: Report from a tertiary addiction treatment center.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Helping Women Suffering from Drug Addiction: Needs, Barriers, and Challenges.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Vulnerability, Risk and Harm for People Who Use Drugs and Are Engaged in Transactional Sex: Learning for Service Delivery.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Do sexual expectancies and inhibitions predict high-risk sexual behaviours? Evidence from a cross-sectional survey among young psychoactive substance users in informal settlements in Kampala, Uganda.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Reproductive empowerment and contraceptive self-care: a systematic review.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2021Review
- Article
- A scoping review of health-related stigma outcomes for high-burden diseases in low- and middle-income countries.BMC medicine · 2019Article
- Factors Associated with the Involvement of Women Drug Users in Risky Sexual Behaviors: A Narrative Review.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo explore contextual factors that increase vulnerabilities to negative sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes and possible differences in SRH-related behaviours and the needs of women who use drugs (WUD) through non-injecting and injecting routes.
designQualitative study design using semi-structured in-depth interviews.
participantsTwenty women who injected drugs in the past 3 months and 28 women who reported using drugs through non-injecting routes in the past 1 month.
settingInterviews were conducted at community-based, drop-in centres in Delhi, India.
resultsStudy findings illustrate that WUD were sexually active and had multiple sex partners including clients of sex work. Transient relationships were reported and many participants engaged in unsafe sex. Factors which affected safe sex behaviours included: gender power imbalance, limited agency for decision-making, lack of accurate information for correct self-risk assessment, and being under the influence of drugs. Despite high awareness, low and inconsistent contraceptive use was reported. Some participants were coerced to conceive while a few others reported their inability to conceive. Violence was a key determinant for SRH outcomes. Perception of certain adverse health outcomes (such as infertility) to be 'common and expected among WUD' influenced access to healthcare. Further, healthcare providers' stigmatising attitudes and lack of women-centric services deterred women from uptake of healthcare services.
conclusionFindings highlight that SRH-related behaviours and needs of this group are a complex interplay of multiple determinants which need to be addressed at all levels: individual, family, community and institutional. It is imperative to roll out a 'one-stop-shop' for a comprehensive package of health services. Expansion of existing drop-in-centres could be considered for setting-up community-based women-centric services with appropriate linkage to drug dependence treatment and reproductive health services.
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