ArticleOncotarget2017
Halofuginone inhibits TGF-β/BMP signaling and in combination with zoledronic acid enhances inhibition of breast cancer bone metastasis.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- IFC-305, an adenosine derivative, inhibits the osteolytic metastases of triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of bone oncology · 2025Article
- Amino Acid Restriction Impairs Human Endometrial Stromal Cell Decidualization and Is Rescued by Proline Supplementation.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- New uses of halofuginone to treat cancer.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Review
- Differential regulation of MMP activity by TGFβ1 in fast- and slow- twitch muscle repair: insights from EDL and soleus muscle-derived myoblasts.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Mechanobiological Strategies to Augment Cancer Treatment.ACS omega · 2023Review
- Phosphocode-dependent glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 signaling in immunity, metabolism, and disease.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Theranostic mesoporous platinum nanoplatform delivers halofuginone to remodel extracellular matrix of breast cancer without systematic toxicity.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2023Article
- The Promising Therapeutic Approaches for Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis: Targeting Radiation-Induced Mesenchymal Transition of Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Advancing Treatment of Bone Metastases through Novel Translational Approaches Targeting the Bone Microenvironment.Cancers · 2022Review
- Curcumin Inhibition of TGFβ signaling in bone metastatic breast cancer cells and the possible role of oxidative metabolites.The Journal of nutritional biochemistry · 2022Article
- The Role of TGF-β in Bone Metastases.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Halofuginone, a promising drug for treatment of pulmonary hypertension.British journal of pharmacology · 2021Article
- Extracellular matrix and its therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Review
- Proline Metabolism in Tumor Growth and Metastatic Progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Fibrogenesis inFrontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2020Review
- Article
- SETDB1 regulates SMAD7 expression for breast cancer metastasis.BMB reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
More efficient therapies that target multiple molecular mechanisms are needed for the treatment of incurable bone metastases. Halofuginone is a plant alkaloid-derivative with antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects. Here we demonstrate that halofuginone is an effective therapy for the treatment of bone metastases, through multiple actions that include inhibition of TGFβ and BMP-signaling. Halofuginone blocked TGF-β-signaling in MDA-MB-231 and PC3 cells showed by inhibition of TGF-β-induced Smad-reporter, phosphorylation of Smad-proteins, and expression of TGF-β-regulated metastatic genes. Halofuginone increased inhibitory Smad7-mRNA and reduced TGF-β-receptor II protein. Proline supplementation but not Smad7-knockdown reversed halofuginone-inhibition of TGF-β-signaling. Halofuginone also decreased BMP-signaling. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 and PC3 cells with halofuginone reduced the BMP-Smad-reporter (BRE)
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.