ArticleJournal of counseling psychology2017
Confounding in statistical mediation analysis: What it is and how to address it.
Article in Journal of counseling psychology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05879198 (Train Your Brain), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Train Your Brain: A Pilot Project to Improve Memory and Decision Making to Improve Outcomes Among Youth
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of the Reporting Quality of Observational Studies That Use Mediation Analyses.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2022Pooled it
- Month of birth and mental disorders: A population-based study and validation using global meta-analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2021Pooled it
- Engagement with a digital therapeutic for smoking cessation designed for persons with psychiatric illness fully mediates smoking outcomes in a pilot randomized controlled trial.Translational behavioral medicine · 2021Trial
- Fine Particulate Air Pollution and the Expression of microRNAs and Circulating Cytokines Relevant to Inflammation, Coagulation, and Vasoconstriction.Environmental health perspectives · 2018Trial
- Inflammation mediates platinum-based chemotherapy-induced risk of adverse cardiac events in older NSCLC patients: a pilot study.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Childhood Maltreatment and Revictimization in Young Adulthood: Is Problematic Substance Use a Mediator? A Linked Survey-Register Data Study.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2025Article
- Accelerated biological aging mediates the associations of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) with mortality in type 2 diabetes and obesity (diabesity).Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Gendered racial microaggressions, self-silencing, and disordered eating in Black women.Body image · 2025Article
- Modelling the direct and indirect associations between anthropometric and behavioural factors when predicting atherogenic risk index (TC/HDL-C) ratio.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Article
- Explaining Performance Gaps with Problem-Solving Process Data via Latent Class Mediation Analysis.Psychometrika · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of Change in Exposure Therapy for Anxiety and Related Disorders: A Research Agenda.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025Article
- Suppression effect of folate on poly- and perfluoroalkyl substance-induced alterations in lipids and the atherogenic index of plasma in adolescents.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Understanding 30-Day Mortality After First STEMI Through DAGs: Unravelling Epidemiological Cause-Effect Links.Cureus · 2025Article
- A cohort study on the correlation between serum Klotho levels and all-cause mortality in American diabetic populations.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Correlation and causation for cardiothoracic surgeons: part 4-distinguishing relationships in data.Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2025Article
- Practical challenges in mediation analysis: a guide for applied researchers.Health services & outcomes research methodology · 2025Article
- Targeted Sleep Enhancement Reduces Residual Anxiety Symptoms in Peri-Adolescents Previously Treated for Anxiety Disorders.Behavior therapy · 2025Article
- Classifying compounds as prebiotics - scientific perspectives and recommendations.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Non-linear associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index with risk of stillbirth, infant, and neonatal mortality in over 28 million births in the USA: a retrospective cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Association between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and multi-vessel coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Psychology researchers are often interested in mechanisms underlying how randomized interventions affect outcomes such as substance use and mental health. Mediation analysis is a common statistical method for investigating psychological mechanisms that has benefited from exciting new methodological improvements over the last 2 decades. One of the most important new developments is methodology for estimating causal mediated effects using the potential outcomes framework for causal inference. Potential outcomes-based methods developed in epidemiology and statistics have important implications for understanding psychological mechanisms. We aim to provide a concise introduction to and illustration of these new methods and emphasize the importance of confounder adjustment. First, we review the traditional regression approach for estimating mediated effects. Second, we describe the potential outcomes framework. Third, we define what a confounder is and how the presence of a confounder can provide misleading evidence regarding mechanisms of interventions. Fourth, we describe experimental designs that can help rule out confounder bias. Fifth, we describe new statistical approaches to adjust for measured confounders of the mediator-outcome relation and sensitivity analyses to probe effects of unmeasured confounders on the mediated effect. All approaches are illustrated with application to a real counseling intervention dataset. Counseling psychologists interested in understanding the causal mechanisms of their interventions can benefit from incorporating the most up-to-date techniques into their mediation analyses. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.