ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2018
Diabetes, metabolic comorbidities, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Results from two prospective cohort studies.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between metabolic risk factors and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).Obesity facts · 2024Guideline
- KASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2021Guideline
- Thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, meglitinides, sulfonylureas, and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: A meta-analysis.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2021Pooled it
- Risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2021Pooled it
- Metabolic syndrome and liver-related events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2019Pooled it
- Diabetes mellitus and the risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of Saudi medicinePooled it
- GLP-1 receptor agonists at the crossroads of diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Income Persistence and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Global trends and thematic evolution of nursing in liver cancer: a bibliometric analysis of the web of science core collection (1944-2025).Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Rising Cardiometabolic Comorbidity and Inpatient Resource Utilization Among Hospitalized Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma, 2018-2022.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Multi-omics analysis identifies SMPD1 as a key contributor in sphingolipid pathway for Type 2 diabetes pathogenesis.Genes & genomics · 2026Article
- Metabolic burden-based clinical-radiological model for predicting postoperative recurrence of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.Insights into imaging · 2026Article
- Correlation of Insulin and/or Insulin Secretagogues with the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and All-Cause Mortality Among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Article
- Disease burden and prediction of liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks in five East Asian countries from 1990 to 2023.PloS one · 2026Article
- METTL3-IGF2BP3 as a glucose sensor in hyperglycemic microenvironment promotes tumorigenesis and glycolysis.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, insulin resistance and hepatocellular carcinoma: A deadly triad.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeting cuproptosis in liver cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Review
- Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it is unknown whether T2D duration or additional metabolic comorbidities further contribute to HCC risk. From the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), 120,826 women were enrolled in 1980, and from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), 50,284 men were enrolled in 1986 and followed through 2012. Physician-diagnosed T2D was ascertained at baseline and updated biennially. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate age- and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident HCC. Over 32 years of follow-up (4,488,410 person-years), we documented 112 cases of HCC (69 women, 43 men). T2D was associated with an increased HCC risk (multivariable HR, 4.59; 95% CI, 2.98-7.07), as was an increasing T2D duration (P
conclusionT2D is independently associated with increased risk for HCC in two prospective cohorts of U.S. men and women. This risk is enhanced with prolonged diabetes duration and with comorbid metabolic conditions, suggesting the importance of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of HCC. (Hepatology 2018;67:1797-1806).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.