ArticleOncotarget2017
Emodin and rhein decrease levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in human pancreatic cancer cells and attenuate cancer cachexia in athymic mice carrying these cells.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rhein and its derivatives: potential anti-tumor drugs and corresponding targeted mechanism.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2026Review
- Marine-Derived Leads as Anticancer Candidates by Disrupting Hypoxic Signaling through Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Inhibition.Marine drugs · 2024Review
- Article
- Review
- Natural products targeting glycolytic signaling pathways-an updated review on anti-cancer therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- The versatile emodin: A natural easily acquired anthraquinone possesses promising anticancer properties against a variety of cancers.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
- Mechanism of Emodin in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Review
- Review
- The evolving landscape of NMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2021Review
- A sonosensitiser-based polymeric nanoplatform for chemo-sonodynamic combination therapy of lung cancer.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Article
- An Investigation of the Antigastric Cancer Effect in Tumor Microenvironment ofEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling via ROS regulation is involved in Rhein-induced apoptosis and enhancement of oxaliplatin sensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells.International journal of biological sciences · 2021Article
- Hypoxia: Friend or Foe for drug delivery in Pancreatic Cancer.Cancer letters · 2020Review
- Therapeutic Emergence of Rhein as a Potential Anticancer Drug: A Review of Its Molecular Targets and Anticancer Properties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Selective phytochemicals targeting pancreatic stellate cells as new anti-fibrotic agents for chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2020Review
- Chrysophanol exhibits anti-cancer activities in lung cancer cell through regulating ROS/HIF-1a/VEGF signaling pathway.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2020Article
- HIF-1α is a Potential Molecular Target for Herbal Medicine to Treat Diseases.Drug design, development and therapy · 2020Review
- The Impact of Immune Cells on the Skeletal Muscle Microenvironment During Cancer Cachexia.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Review
- Rhein enhances the cytotoxicity of effector lymphocytes in colon cancer under hypoxic conditions.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Emodin inhibits pancreatic cancer EMT and invasion by up‑regulating microRNA‑1271.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) consists of oxygen-sensitive HIF-1α and constitutive HIF-1β. HIF-1α is undetectable in normal cells, but cancer cells frequently express HIF-1α to support their growth, angiogenesis, and high glycolysis (also known as the Warburg effect). The Warburg effect in cancer cells increases energy expenditure and thus participates in cancer-induced metabolic disorder, cancer cachexia. In the present study, we investigated whether two components of Rheum palmatum, emodin and rhein, inhibited HIF-1α expression in human pancreatic cancer cells and whether the inhibiting effect, if any, attenuated cancer cachexia. Using Western blotting, we demonstrated that emodin and rhein decreased HIF-1α expression in MiaPaCa2 and four other human pancreatic cancer cell lines. We also examined HIF-1α expression when MiaPaCa2 cells were exposed to PX-478, noscapine, and phenethyl isothiocyanate, as these compounds were known to inhibit HIF-1α expression in different cancer cells. PX-478 and noscapine inhibited HIF-1α expression to a less extent than emodin and rhein, and phenethyl isothiocyanate did not inhibit HIF-1α expression in tested concentrations. We obtained evidence that emodin and rhein decreased HIF-1α by decreasing its biosynthesis but not gene transcription or protein stability. When MiaPaCa2 cells were implanted in athymic mice, emodin and rhein inhibited cancer-cell growth and HIF-1α expression. In these athymic mice, emodin and rhein also attenuated two pathological constituents of cancer cachexia, namely high hepatic gluconeogenesis and skeletal-muscle proteolysis. In conclusion, emodin and rhein decrease pancreatic cancer cell's growth and HIF-1α expression and attenuate cancer cachexia in the athymic mice carrying the cancer cells.
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