ArticleScientific reports2017
FMNH
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biodegradation of sulfonamide antibiotics by a soil bacteria enrichment and the impacts of soil organic matter.Eco-Environment & Health · 2026Article
- Deciphering the constraints of pure bacterial strains for the complete catabolism of sulfamethoxazole: A proteomic and kinetic study.Biodegradation · 2025Article
- Cross-feeding and co-degradation within a bacterial consortium dominated by challenging-to-cultureApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Efficient Sulfamethoxazole Removal by an Isolated Strain Microbacterium esteraromaticum S13.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Perfluoroalkane Sulfonamides and Derivatives, a Different Class of PFAS: Sorption and Microbial Biotransformation Insights.Environmental science & technology · 2025Review
- Article
- Biodegradation of synthetic organic pollutants: principles, progress, problems, and perspectives.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Harnessing beneficial bacteria to remediate antibiotic-polluted agricultural soils: integrating source diversity, bioavailability modulators, and ecological impacts.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Microbes as Resources to Remove PPCPs and Improve Water Quality.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- Genomic Analysis ofGenes · 2024Article
- A novel enrofloxacin-degrading fungus, Humicola sp. KC0924g, isolated from the rhizosphere sediment of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis L.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2024Article
- Sulfamethoxazole is Metabolized and Mineralized at Extremely Low Concentrations.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Microbial degradation of contaminants of emerging concern: metabolic, genetic and omics insights for enhanced bioremediation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Isolation and characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoate-degrading bacteria in seawater at two different depths from Suruga Bay.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Metabolic engineering ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Review
- The sulfonamide-resistance dihydropteroate synthase gene is crucial for efficient biodegradation of sulfamethoxazole by Paenarthrobacter species.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance genes in wastewater: resistance mechanisms and antimicrobial resistance control approaches.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2022Review
- HarnessingMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report a cluster of genes encoding two monooxygenases (SadA and SadB) and one FMN reductase (SadC) that enable Microbacterium sp. strain BR1 and other Actinomycetes to inactivate sulfonamide antibiotics. Our results show that SadA and SadC are responsible for the initial attack of sulfonamide molecules resulting in the release of 4-aminophenol. The latter is further transformed into 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene by SadB and SadC prior to mineralization and concomitant production of biomass. As the degradation products lack antibiotic activity, the presence of SadA will result in an alleviated bacteriostatic effect of sulfonamides. In addition to the relief from antibiotic stress this bacterium gains access to an additional carbon source when this gene cluster is expressed. As degradation of sulfonamides was also observed when Microbacterium sp. strain BR1 was grown on artificial urine medium, colonization with such strains may impede common sulfonamide treatment during co-infections with pathogens of the urinary tract. This case of biodegradation exemplifies the evolving catabolic capacity of bacteria, given that sulfonamide bacteriostatic are purely of synthetic origin. The wide distribution of this cluster in Actinomycetes and the presence of traA encoding a relaxase in its vicinity suggest that this cluster is mobile and that is rather alarming.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.