ArticleBMJ open2017
Smoking and quit attempts during pregnancy and postpartum: a longitudinal UK cohort.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of couple- or household-targeted interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Contingency Management Versus Psychotherapy for Prenatal Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthPooled it
- The Effectiveness of Text Support for Stopping Smoking in Pregnancy (MiQuit): Multi-Trial Pooled Analysis Investigating Effect Moderators and Mechanisms of Action.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Trial
- Trajectories of Return to Cigarette Smoking Up to 1 Year Postpartum Among People Who Quit Smoking During Pregnancy.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Trial
- A Pilot Trial of a Health Promotion and Illness Prevention Paradigm in the Perinatal Period.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Trial
- Smoking cessation Through Optimisation of clinical care in Pregnancy: the STOP randomised controlled trial.Trials · 2019Trial
- Postpartum smoking relapse experiences of women who quit during pregnancy: a qualitative descriptive study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic and visit differences in screening for household tobacco smoke exposure in pediatric primary care.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- The associated factors of smoking cessation intention among husbands in gestational households: A census-based cross-sectional survey.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Drivers and barriers to fish and seafood consumption in the first 1000 days of life.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Digitalizing Specialist Smoking Cessation Support in Pregnancy: Views of Pregnant Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Article
- Using nicotine replacement therapy for smoking reduction in pregnancy: a qualitative study of pregnant women in the UK who smoke.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Article
- Experts' views on translating NHS support to stop smoking in pregnancy into a comprehensive digital intervention.PLOS digital health · 2024Article
- The Relationship Between Reported Daily Nicotine Dose from NRT and Daily Cigarette Consumption in Pregnant Women Who Smoke in an Observational Cohort Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Observational
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities Impact the Real-World Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Maternal Smoking Cessation Program: Findings from the CTTP Cohort.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Nicotine on the developing brain.Pharmacological research · 2023Review
- Factors Associated With Postpartum Smoking Relapse Among Women Who Quit in Early Pregnancy: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study.Journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Factors associated with the implementation of the 5As model of smoking cessation support during pregnancy: A scoping review.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPregnancy motivates women to try stopping smoking, but little is known about timing of their quit attempts and how quitting intentions change during pregnancy and postpartum. Using longitudinal data, this study aimed to document women's smoking and quitting behaviour throughout pregnancy and after delivery.
designLongitudinal cohort survey with questionnaires at baseline (8-26 weeks' gestation), late pregnancy (34-36 weeks) and 3 months after delivery.
settingTwo maternity hospitals in one National Health Service hospital trust, Nottingham, England.
participants850 pregnant women, aged 16 years or over, who were current smokers or had smoked in the 3 months before pregnancy, were recruited between August 2011 and August 2012. OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported smoking behaviour, quit attempts and quitting intentions.
resultsSmoking rates, adjusting for non-response at follow-up, were 57.4% (95% CI 54.1 to 60.7) at baseline, 59.1% (95% CI 54.9 to 63.4) in late pregnancy and 67.1% (95% CI 62.7 to 71.5) 3 months postpartum. At baseline, 272 of 488 current smokers had tried to quit since becoming pregnant (55.7%, 95% CI 51.3 to 60.1); 51.3% (95% CI 44.7 to 58.0) tried quitting between baseline and late pregnancy and 27.4% (95% CI 21.7 to 33.2) after childbirth. The percentage who intended to quit within the next month fell as pregnancy progressed, from 40.4% (95% CI 36.1 to 44.8) at baseline to 29.7% (95% CI 23.8 to 35.6) in late pregnancy and 14.2% (95% CI 10.0 to 18.3) postpartum. Postpartum relapse was lower among women who quit in the 3 months before pregnancy (17.8%, 95% CI 6.1 to 29.4) than those who stopped between baseline and late pregnancy (42.9%, 95% CI 24.6 to 61.3).
conclusionsMany pregnant smokers make quit attempts throughout pregnancy and postpartum, but intention to quit decreases over time; there is no evidence that smoking rates fall during gestation.
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Registered trials
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