ReviewVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2018
Immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis: the flip side of the wonder drugs.
Review in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ulcerative Colitis after Administration of Dupilumab, an Anti-interleukin-4 Receptor Subunit α Monoclonal Antibody.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Exploring the etiology of colitis: insights from gut microbiota research.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Collagenous colitis in patients treated for cancer: role of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical, histological and immunological features in 15 cases.Histopathology · 2025Article
- Cemiplimab-Induced Colitis Causing Hypovolemic Shock: A Case Report and Literature Review.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in patients with checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Focus on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-related Intestinal Inflammation: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutical Approach.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2024Review
- Risk Factors and Prognostic Analysis of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Colitis in Lung Cancer.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Potential application mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy associated enteritis mimicking celiac disease.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2023Article
- Gastrointestinal injury induced by immunomodulators: A review article.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Hepatic Injury: A Clinicopathologic Review.Journal of clinical and translational pathology · 2022Article
- Histological diversity of anti-PD1-induced colitis.Histology and histopathology · 2022Article
- Everolimus and/or Nivolumab-Associated Cytomegalovirus Colitis in a Patient with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.The Eurasian journal of medicine · 2022Article
- Pembrolizumab-induced autoimmune side effects of colon and pancreas in a patient with lung cancer.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment induces colitis with heavy infiltration of CD8 + T cells and an infiltration pattern that resembles ulcerative colitis.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2021Article
- A case of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis with a distinctive endoscopic finding of colonic pseudolipomatosis.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Article
- Systemic adverse effects and toxicities associated with immunotherapy: A review.World journal of clinical oncology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors block the co-inhibitory receptors on T cells to activate their cytotoxic immune function and are rapidly being explored for the treatment of various advanced-stage malignancies. These novel drugs have already significantly increased survival rates. The first available immune checkpoint inhibitors were cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors (such as ipilimumab), followed by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors (such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab). Anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapies have demonstrated better efficacy and tolerability and less severe adverse effects compared to anti-CTLA-4 agents. Idelalisib, a PI3Kδ isoform inhibitor, is another immunotherapeutic agent that is often classified separately and is currently used in treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Despite successful therapeutic responses, immune-related adverse events have been reported with the use of these agents. The gastrointestinal side effects, particularly diarrhea, are among the most commonly reported symptoms. The histologic features of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis show a spectrum of patterns of injury among various drug classes. There is significant overlap between immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis and other colitides, making the differential diagnosis difficult-especially in the absence of clinical history. The histopathology data on immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis are limited. Here we review clinical features as well as various histologic patterns of colitis associated with these groups of medications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.