SynthesisReproductive health2017
Delayed initiation of antenatal care and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Reproductive health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 165 citations in OpenAlex.
- Worldwide Wellness of Mothers and Babies (WWOMB): program overview and lessons learned from Ethiopia.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and determinants of uterine rupture in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Association between pregnancy intention and late initiation of antenatal care among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Determinants of antenatal care utilisation in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of unintended pregnancy on maternal healthcare services utilization in low- and lower-middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of public health · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Prevalence and correlates of pregnancy self-testing among pregnant women attending antenatal care in western Kenya.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Factors Influencing Timing of First Antenatal Care Visit Among Bangladeshi Women: Application of Accelerated Failure Time Models Using Demographic Health Survey 2022.Health science reports · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and PreLabor Rupture of Membranes in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Prevalence and factors associated with early antenatal care visit in Ghana: recent evidence from the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey.AJOG global reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Predictors of antenatal care service utilization among women of reproductive age in Somalia: a systematic review.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- Early antenatal care (ANC) booking and associated factors among pregnant women attending ANC services at public health facilities in Bahir Dar City Administration, Northwestern Ethiopia, 2023: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Optimizing machine learning models for predicting health service access and determinants among pregnant women in rural Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Why Do First Time Mothers in Sub-Saharan Africa Delay Their First Antenatal Care Visit? Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys (2019-2022) From 18 Countries-A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Variations in initiation of first antenatal care among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa: an event history analysis approach.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Article
- Cohort Profile: Hodal and Lowairpoa Demographic Surveillance Systems.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Improved antenatal care services in rural Ethiopia's public health centers through the Enhancing Nutrition and Antenatal Infection Treatment (ENAT) intervention.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Factors associated with late antenatal care booking in selected health facilities of Zoba Maekel, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntenatal care uptake is among the key indicators for monitoring the progress of maternal outcomes. Early initiation of antenatal care facilitates the timely management and treatment of pregnancy complications to reduce maternal deaths. In Ethiopia, antenatal care utilization is generally low, and delayed initiation of care is very common. We aimed to systematically identify and synthesize available evidence on delayed initiation of antenatal care and the associated factors in Ethiopia.
methodsStudies published in English from 1 January 2002 to 30 April 2017 were systematically searched from PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and other relevant sources. Two authors independently reviewed the identified studies against the eligibility criteria. The included studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs-MAStARI instrument for observational studies. Meta-analysis was conducted in RevMan v5.3 for Windows using a Mantel-Haenszel random effects model. The presence of statistical heterogeneity was checked using the Cochran Q test, and its level was quantified using the I
resultThe pooled magnitude of delayed antenatal care in Ethiopia was 64% (95% CI: 57%, 70%). Maternal age (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.93), place of residence (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.50), maternal education (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.63), husband's education (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.85), maternal occupation (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.93), monthly income (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.45), pregnancy intention (OR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.60), parity (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.58), knowledge of antenatal care (OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.51), women's autonomy (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.94), partner involvement (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.75), pregnancy complications (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.95), and means of identifying pregnancy (OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.69) were significantly associated with delayed antenatal care.
conclusionImproving female education and women's empowerment through economic reforms, strengthening family planning programs to reduce unintended pregnancy and promoting partner involvement in pregnancy care could reduce the very high magnitude of delayed antenatal care in Ethiopia.
trial registrationCRD42017064585 .
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