ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018
Bone Mineral Density Declines Twice as Quickly Among HIV-Infected Women Compared With Men.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in treatment-experienced, virologically suppressed patients with HIV-1: subgroup analyses of the phase 3 EMERALD study.AIDS research and therapy · 2019Trial
- Low Bone Mineral Density in Men Living with HIV on Tenofovir Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study from a Malaysian Tertiary Hospital.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Geriatric syndromes in women living with HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Combined Sequential Antiretroviral Therapy-Induced Immune Reconstitution Bone Loss and Estrogen Deficiency Bone Loss Are Cumulative in Mice Models.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Breaking Down Bone Disease in People Living with HIV: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Metabolic Complications Associated with Use of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (InSTI) for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection: Focus on Weight Changes, Lipids, Glucose and Bone Metabolism.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Cardiometabolic health in people with HIV: expert consensus review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Review
- Long-Term Change in Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With HIV: A 10-Year Prospective Controlled Cohort Study.JBMR plus · 2023Article
- The kynurenine pathway in HIV, frailty and inflammaging.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Alcohol and falls among people with HIV infection: A view from Russia and the United States.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- Cross-sectional comparison of age- and gender-related comorbidities in people living with HIV in Canada.Medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Sex Differences in Non-AIDS Comorbidities Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Review
- Current Considerations for Clinical Management and Care of People with HIV: Findings from the 11th Annual International HIV and Aging Workshop.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
- Non-communicable Diseases in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Living with HIV: Implications for Health Throughout the Life Course.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Associations Between Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots, Impaired Physical Function, and Fracture Risk.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Influence of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy on Bone Homeostasis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Article
- Special Topics in the Care of Older People with HIV.Current treatment options in infectious diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInitial declines in bone mineral density (BMD) after antiretroviral therapy initiation in HIV are well described, but data on long-term changes and risk factors for decline, particularly among women, are limited.
methodsHIV-infected men and women in the Modena Metabolic Clinic underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans every 6-12 months for up to 10 years (median 4.6 years). Mixed effect regression models in combined and sex-stratified models determined annual rates of decline and clinical factors associated with BMD. Models included demographics, HIV-specific factors, and bone-specific factors; a final model added a sex × time interaction term.
resultsA total of 839 women and 1759 men contributed ≥2 DXA scans. The majority (82%) were 50 years and younger; 76% had HIV-1 RNA <50 copies per milliliter at baseline; 15% of women were postmenopausal and 7% of men had hypogonadism; and 30% and 27%, respectively, had hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection. The adjusted slopes in BMD among women and men were significantly different at both the femoral neck (women -0.00897 versus men -0.00422 g/cm per year; P < 0.001) and L-spine (women -0.0127 versus men -0.00763 g/cm per year; P < 0.001). Modifiable risks associated with BMD decline included antiretroviral therapy exposure (greater decline with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and less decline with integrase strand transfer inhibitor therapy), HCV, physical activity, and vitamin D insufficiency.
conclusionsAmong HIV-infected individuals, bone density at the femoral neck, a significant predictor of fracture risk, declined twice as quickly among women compared with men. Female sex was independently associated with both lower femoral neck and lumbar BMD over time in adjusted models.
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