ArticlemBio2017
Refactoring the Genetic Code for Increased Evolvability.
Article in mBio, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Article
- Genetic Code-Locking Confers Stable Virus Resistance to a Recoded Organism.Biochemistry · 2025Article
- The design and engineering of synthetic genomes.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- Robust genetic codes enhance protein evolvability.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Evolvability-enhancing mutations in the fitness landscapes of an RNA and a protein.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Mutation bias and the predictability of evolution.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Discovery, implications and initial use of semi-synthetic organisms with an expanded genetic alphabet/code.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Optimizing the strain engineering process for industrial-scale production of bio-based molecules.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Review
- Refactored genetic codes enable bidirectional genetic isolation.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Highly efficient libraries design for saturation mutagenesis.Synthetic biology (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- Towards an engineering theory of evolution.Nature communications · 2021Review
- How To Quantify a Genetic Firewall? A Polarity-Based Metric for Genetic Code Engineering.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2021Article
- Predicting Drug Resistance Using Deep Mutational Scanning.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Fail-safe genetic codes designed to intrinsically contain engineered organisms.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Genomic Deoxyxylulose Phosphate Reductoisomerase (DXR) Mutations Conferring Resistance to the Antimalarial Drug Fosmidomycin in E. coli.ACS synthetic biology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The standard genetic code is robust to mutations during transcription and translation. Point mutations are likely to be synonymous or to preserve the chemical properties of the original amino acid. Saturation mutagenesis experiments suggest that in some cases the best-performing mutant requires replacement of more than a single nucleotide within a codon. These replacements are essentially inaccessible to common error-based laboratory engineering techniques that alter a single nucleotide per mutation event, due to the extreme rarity of adjacent mutations. In this theoretical study, we suggest a radical reordering of the genetic code that maximizes the mutagenic potential of single nucleotide replacements. We explore several possible genetic codes that allow a greater degree of accessibility to the mutational landscape and may result in a hyperevolvable organism that could serve as an ideal platform for directed evolution experiments. We then conclude by evaluating the challenges of constructing such recoded organisms and their potential applications within the field of synthetic biology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.