ArticleGlobalization and health2017
Disentangling regional trade agreements, trade flows and tobacco affordability in sub-Saharan Africa.
Article in Globalization and health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Political prioritization of alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Uganda: Agenda dynamics amidst a shifting funding landscape.Globalization and health · 2026Article
- The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Annals of global health · 2024Article
- Using the Past to Understand the Future of U.S. and Global Smoking Disparities: A Birth Cohort Perspective.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Effect of cigarette prices on cigarette consumption in Ghana.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- Norms, rules and policy tools: understanding Article 5.3 as an instrument of tobacco control governance.Tobacco control · 2022Article
- International investment liberalization, transnational corporations and NCD prevention policy non-decisions: a realist review on the political economy of tobacco, alcohol and ultra-processed food.Globalization and health · 2021Review
- Effects of foreign direct investment and trade on the prevalence of tobacco consumption in Africa: a panel study.Globalization and health · 2021Article
- Corporate power and the international trade regime preventing progressive policy action on non-communicable diseases: a realist review.Health policy and planning · 2021Review
- Explaining Why Farmers Grow Tobacco: Evidence From Malawi, Kenya, and Zambia.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Government policy and agricultural production: a scoping review to inform research and policy on healthy agricultural commodities.Globalization and health · 2020Article
- How Neoliberalism Is Shaping the Supply of Unhealthy Commodities and What This Means for NCD Prevention.International journal of health policy and management · 2019Article
- Global tobacco control and economic norms: an analysis of normative commitments in Kenya, Malawi and Zambia.Health policy and planning · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn principle, trade and investment agreements are meant to boost economic growth. However, the removal of trade barriers and the provision of investment incentives to attract foreign direct investments may facilitate increased trade in and/or more efficient production of commodities considered harmful to health such as tobacco. We analyze existing evidence on trade and investment liberalization and its relationship to tobacco trade in Sub-Saharan African countries.
methodsWe compare tobacco trading patterns to foreign direct investments made by tobacco companies. We estimate and compare changes in the Konjunkturforschungsstelle (KOF) Economic Globalization measure, relative price measure and cigarette prices.
resultsPreferential regional trade agreements appear to have encouraged the consolidation of cigarette production, which has shaped trading patterns of tobacco leaf. Since 2002, British American Tobacco has invested in tobacco manufacturing facilities in Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa strategically located to serve different regions in Africa. Following this, British America Tobacco closed factories in Ghana, Rwanda, Uganda, Mauritius and Angola. At the same time, Malawi and Tanzania exported a large percentage of tobacco leaf to European countries. After 2010, there was an increase in tobacco exports from Malawi and Zambia to China, which may be a result of preferential trade agreements the EU and China have with these countries. Economic liberalization has been accompanied by greater cigarette affordability for the countries included in our analysis. However, only excise taxes and income have an effect on cigarette prices within the region.
conclusionsThese results suggest that the changing economic structures of international trade and investment are likely heightening the efficiency and effectiveness of the tobacco industry. As tobacco control advocates consider supply-side tobacco control interventions, they must consider carefully the effects of these economic agreements and whether there are ways to mitigate them.
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