ArticleJournal of vascular research2017
Toll-Like Receptor 4 Reduces Occludin and Zonula Occludens 1 to Increase Retinal Permeability Both in vitro and in vivo.
Article in Journal of vascular research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Endotoxemia in Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, and Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Targeted Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Chloramphenicol via TLR4 Inhibition in Postoperative Hemorrhoid Treatment: A Clinico- Computational Cohort Study.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Loss of cystatin C regulates permeability and inflammatory pathways in retina.Microvascular research · 2023Article
- MicroRNA-based engineering of mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles for treatment of retinal ischemic disorders: Engineered extracellular vesiclesand retinal ischemia.Acta biomaterialia · 2023Article
- Shedding light on the molecular and regulatory mechanisms of TLR4 signaling in endothelial cells under physiological and inflamed conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- TNFAIP3 may be key to TLR4-activation of the inflammasome in the retinal vasculature.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Epac1 and PKA regulate of P2X7 and NLRP3 inflammasome proteins in the retinal vasculature.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Prohibitin 1 Regulates Inflammatory Mediators and Reactive Oxygen Species in Retinal Endothelial Cells.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Epac1 and PKA agonists inhibit ROS to reduce NLRP3 inflammasome proteins in retinal endothelial cells.Molecular vision · 2022Article
- Toll-Like Receptor Signalling Pathways and the Pathogenesis of Retinal Diseases.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Distinct Mechanisms of Human Retinal Endothelial Barrier Modulation In Vitro by Mediators of Diabetes and Uveitis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Loss of TLR4 in endothelial cells but not Müller cells protects the diabetic retina.Experimental eye research · 2021Article
- Gut Microbiota Disorders Promote Inflammation and Aggravate Spinal Cord Injury Through the TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling in Focal Cerebral Ischemia: a Focus on the Neurovascular Unit.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Review
- Systemic inhibition of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase alters the brain-immune axis in experimental sepsis.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- CommensalApplied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Progranulin protects the mouse retina under hypoxic conditions via inhibition of the Toll‑like receptor‑4‑NADPH oxidase 4 signaling pathway.Molecular medicine reports · 2019Article
- Loss of TLR4 in mouse Müller cells inhibits both MyD88-dependent and -independent signaling.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We reported that β-adrenergic receptors regulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in the retina of diabetic mice and in retinal endothelial cells (REC) and Müller cells. We hypothesized that TLR4 regulates retinal permeability both in vitro and in vivo in the retinal vasculature. We used REC cultured in normal and high-glucose conditions and TLR4 siRNA treatments for cell culture studies of permeability and protein analyses of tumor necrosis factor α, occludin, and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1). We used endothelial cell (EC)-specific Cre-Lox TLR4 knockout mice to study retinal permeability and neuronal and vascular changes following exposure to ocular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) used as a retinal stressor. We found that the loss of TLR4 in the EC led to the reduced permeability following I/R and fewer degenerate capillaries. Retinal permeability was increased in REC grown in high-glucose conditions but was inhibited by TLR4 siRNA treatment. High-glucose culture conditions significantly reduced occludin and ZO-1 levels in REC, and TLR4 siRNA treatment restored levels to baseline. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate that TLR4 in EC strongly regulates retinal permeability and neuronal and vascular changes following exposure to stressors such as I/R.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.