Observational studyJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2018
Neutrophil Activation and Enhanced Release of Granule Products in HIV-TB Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome.
Observational study in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood neutrophil counts in HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis: Association with mortality.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Pre-treatment blood cell counts and inflammatory markers predict the radiologic severity of post-tuberculosis lung disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Natural Killer Repertoire Restoration in TB/HIV Co-Infected Individuals Experienced an Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (CAMELIA Trial, ANRS 12153).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effect of TB Treatment on Neutrophil-Derived Soluble Inflammatory Mediators in TB Patients with and without HIV Coinfection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome-An Extempore Game of Misfiring with Defense Arsenals.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- COVID-19 and HIV-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: Emergence of Pathogen-Specific Immune Responses Adding Fuel to the Fire.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Tuberculosis IRIS: Pathogenesis, Presentation, and Management across the Spectrum of Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Role of neutrophils in tuberculosis: A bird's eye view.Innate immunity · 2020Review
- Invariant Natural Killer T-cell Dynamics in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-associated Tuberculosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- The effect of HIV-associated tuberculosis, tuberculosis-IRIS and prednisone on lung function.The European respiratory journal · 2020Article
- Observational
- Article
- Changes in the NK Cell Repertoire Related to Initiation of TB Treatment and Onset of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in TB/HIV Co-infected Patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil-ANRS 12274.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- The tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: recent advances in clinical and pathogenesis research.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2018Article
- The Immune Mechanisms of Lung Parenchymal Damage in Tuberculosis and the Role of Host-Directed Therapy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Tolerating the Unwelcome Guest; How the Host Withstands PersistentFrontiers in immunology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) remains incompletely understood. Neutrophils are implicated in tuberculosis pathology but detailed investigations in TB-IRIS are lacking. We sought to further explore the biology of TB-IRIS and, in particular, the role of neutrophils.
settingTwo observational, prospective cohort studies in HIV/TB coinfected patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART), 1 to analyze gene expression and subsequently 1 to explore neutrophil biology.
methodsnCounter gene expression analysis was performed in patients with TB-IRIS (n = 17) versus antiretroviral-treated HIV/TB coinfected controls without IRIS (n = 17) in Kampala, Uganda. Flow cytometry was performed in patients with TB-IRIS (n = 18) and controls (n = 11) in Cape Town, South Africa to determine expression of neutrophil surface activation markers, intracellular cytokines, and human neutrophil peptides (HNPs). Plasma neutrophil elastase and HNP1-3 were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lymph node immunohistochemistry was performed on 3 further patients with TB-IRIS.
resultsThere was a significant increase in gene expression of S100A9 (P = 0.002), NLRP12 (P = 0.018), COX-1 (P = 0.025), and IL-10 (P = 0.045) 2 weeks after ART initiation in Ugandan patients with TB-IRIS versus controls, implicating neutrophil recruitment. Patients with IRIS in both cohorts demonstrated increases in blood neutrophil count, plasma HNP and elastase concentrations from ART initiation to week 2. CD62L (L-selectin) expression on neutrophils increased over 4 weeks in South African controls whereas patients with IRIS demonstrated the opposite. Intense staining for the neutrophil marker CD15 and IL-10 was seen in necrotic areas of the lymph nodes of the patients with TB-IRIS.
conclusionsNeutrophils in TB-IRIS are activated, recruited to sites of disease, and release granule contents, contributing to pathology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.