ReviewEuropean journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics2018
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Saffron and its Active Components.
Review in European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- DoesJournal of evidence-based integrative medicinePooled it
- Fractional Exhalation Nitric Oxide (FeNO) changes in cystic fibrosis patients induced by compound honey syrup: a pretest-posttest clinical trial.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Trial
- Crocin alleviates "short-term" Cadmium-induced brain and lung toxicities: investigation of key neuropeptides GLP-1 and spexin as biomarkers.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Saffron and its Bioactive Constituents as Mitochondria-Targeted Protectors Against Organ Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Exploring the mechanism of saffron in treating viral myocarditis using network pharmacology and molecular docking.Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Research progress on targeting autophagy pathways with medicinal plants and their active metabolites for the treatment of heart failure.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the effect of trans sodium crocetinate and crocetin on reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Avicenna journal of phytomedicine · 2026Article
- Biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study on the ameliorative effect of crocin against lipopolysaccharide‑induced hippocampal toxicity in male albino rats.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Effects of Crocus sativus and its active constituents on cytochrome P450: a review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- A comprehensive literature review on the effects of saffron and its bioactive components on traumatic brain injury (TBI).Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Integrative effects of saffron and physical activity on endurance performance, quality of life, cognitive, emotional, and metabolic outcomes in age-related and neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Mechanistic insights into the anti-aging effects of Crocus sativus in a D-Gal-induced in vitro neural senescence model.PloS one · 2025Article
- Herb-Drug Interaction Between Sailuotong and Pitavastatin: A Systematic Pharmacokinetic Investigation and Mechanism Analysis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Examining the role of trans-sodium crocetinate in alleviating colistin-induced cytotoxicity through apoptosis and autophagy pathways on HEK-293 cells.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2025Article
- Comparative pharmacokinetic investigation on crocetin in hyperlipidemia and normal rats after oral administration.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Article
- Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Unsupervised Methods for Advanced Saffron Authenticity Screening.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-mitophagy effects of trans sodium crocetinate on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in BALB/C57 mice.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Article
- Crocin ameliorates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in mice with Alzheimer's disease by activating PI3K/AKT pathway.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Saffron as a medicinal plant has many therapeutic effects. Phytochemical studies have reported that saffron is composed of at least four active ingredients which include crocin, crocetin, picrocrocin and safranal. The carotenoids of saffron are sensitive to oxygen, light, heat and enzymatic oxidization. However, regulation of these factors is required for saffron quality. Some pharmacologic effects of saffron and its active compounds include cardioprotective, neuroprotective, memory enhancer, antidepressant and anxiolytic. Among more than 150 chemicals of saffron, the most biologically active components are two carotenoids including crocin and crocetin. Most of the pharmacokinetic studies are related to these compounds. The pharmacokinetic studies have shown that crocin is not available after oral administration in blood circulation. Crocin is converted to crocetin in intestine but after intravenous injection, the level of crocetin in plasma is low. Crocetin can distribute in different tissues because of weak interaction between crocetin and albumin. Also it can penetrate blood-brain barrier and reach CNS by passive transcellular diffusion; thus it can be effective in neurodegenerative disorders. The large portion of crocin is eliminated via feces.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.