ArticleCurrent biology : CB2017
Glutamylation Regulates Transport, Specializes Function, and Sculpts the Structure of Cilia.
Article in Current biology : CB, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
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Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Primary cilia: master conductors of cellular communication in development and disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Correction: Sensory cilia: How molecular motors can shape ciliary tip organization and diversity.The Journal of cell biology · 2026Article
- Tubulin glutamylation: a key regulator of flagella, cilia, centrosomes, and disease pathways.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- Superoxide dismutase impacts extracellular vesicle shedding and uptake.Free radical biology & medicine · 2026Article
- The extracellular matrix genebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Recombinant monoclonal antibodies for labeling tubulin post-translational modifications inmicroPublication biology · 2026Article
- KLC3 regulates axonemal glutamylation via RAB11/FIP5 in polycystic kidney disease.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Superoxide dismutase impacts extracellular vesicle biogenesis and uptake.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Primary cilia shape postnatal astrocyte development through Sonic Hedgehog signaling.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate impacts extracellular vesicle shedding from C. elegans ciliated sensory neurons.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate Impacts Extracellular Vesicle Shedding frombioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Mechanistic insights into TTLL11 polyglutamylase-mediated primary tubulin chain elongation.Science advances · 2025Article
- Post-Translational Modifications in Cilia and Ciliopathies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- CFAP100 couples microtubule glutamylation to spindle pole integrity in keratinocytes to promote epidermal development.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles aid in the transfer of long-term associative memory betweenResearch square · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles aid in the transfer of long-term associative memory betweenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cilia at the crossroad: convergence of regulatory mechanisms to govern cilia dynamics during cell signaling and the cell cycle.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Delivery of intraflagellar transport proteins to the ciliary base and assembly into trains.Science advances · 2025Article
- Article
- Doublecortin restricts neuronal branching by regulating tubulin polyglutamylation.Nature communications · 2025Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ciliary microtubules (MTs) are extensively decorated with post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as glutamylation of tubulin tails. PTMs and tubulin isotype diversity act as a "tubulin code" that regulates cytoskeletal stability and the activity of MT-associated proteins such as kinesins. We previously showed that, in C. elegans cilia, the deglutamylase CCPP-1 affects ciliary ultrastructure, localization of the TRP channel PKD-2 and the kinesin-3 KLP-6, and velocity of the kinesin-2 OSM-3/KIF17, whereas a cell-specific α-tubulin isotype regulates ciliary ultrastructure, intraflagellar transport, and ciliary functions of extracellular vesicle (EV)-releasing neurons. Here we examine the role of PTMs and the tubulin code in the ciliary specialization of EV-releasing neurons using genetics, fluorescence microscopy, kymography, electron microscopy, and sensory behavioral assays. Although the C. elegans genome encodes five tubulin tyrosine ligase-like (TTLL) glutamylases, only ttll-11 specifically regulates PKD-2 localization in EV-releasing neurons. In EV-releasing cephalic male (CEM) cilia, TTLL-11 and the deglutamylase CCPP-1 regulate remodeling of 9+0 MT doublets into 18 singlet MTs. Balanced TTLL-11 and CCPP-1 activity fine-tunes glutamylation to control the velocity of the kinesin-2 OSM-3/KIF17 and kinesin-3 KLP-6 without affecting the intraflagellar transport (IFT) kinesin-II. TTLL-11 is transported by ciliary motors. TTLL-11 and CCPP-1 are also required for the ciliary function of releasing bioactive EVs, and TTLL-11 is itself a novel EV cargo. Therefore, MT glutamylation, as part of the tubulin code, controls ciliary specialization, ciliary motor-based transport, and ciliary EV release in a living animal. We suggest that cell-specific control of MT glutamylation may be a conserved mechanism to specialize the form and function of cilia.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.