ArticleCancer medicine2017
Toenail mineral concentration and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, results from the Golestan Cohort Study.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood trace elements in association with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk, aggressiveness and prognosis in a high incidence region of China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium induces esophageal tumorigenesis via activating the Notch signaling pathway.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2024Article
- Iron, Copper, and Magnesium Concentration in Hair and Risk of Esophageal Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2023Article
- Trace elements in hair or fingernail and gastroesophageal cancers: results from a population-based case-control study.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2023Article
- Diet Quality and Subsequent Incidence of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers: Results from the Golestan Cohort Study.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- SOX2OT lncRNA Inhibition Suppresses the Stemness Characteristics of Esophageal Tumorspheres.Non-coding RNA · 2022Article
- Serum Selenium, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E Levels of Healthy Individuals in High- and Low-Risk Areas of Esophageal Cancer.Middle East journal of digestive diseases · 2022Article
- Decreased Serum Selenium Levels of COVID-19 Patients in Comparison with Healthy Individuals.Biological trace element research · 2022Article
- Diet, nutrition, and cancer risk: what do we know and what is the way forward?BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Article
- Toenail Metal Exposures in Fishermen from Bodo City, Nigeria.Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology · 2020Article
- Toenails as biomarker of exposure to essential trace metals: A review.Environmental research · 2019Review
- Turmeric, Pepper, Cinnamon, and Saffron Consumption and Mortality.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Article
- Methylmercury exposure, genetic variation in metabolic enzymes, and the risk of glioma.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Toenail mineral concentration and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, results from the Golestan Cohort Study.Cancer medicine · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Studies conducted in China linked selenium deficiency to higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but this has not been widely tested outside that selenium-deficient region. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between selenium and other mineral concentrations in toenails and risk of ESCC in a region with high incidence rates. In this nested case-control study, we identified 222 cases of ESCC from the Golestan Cohort Study, Iran, which has followed up 50,045 participants since enrollment (2004-2008). We randomly selected one control for each case matched by age and sex, using incidence density sampling. We used toenail samples collected at baseline to measure the concentration of selenium, zinc, chromium, mercury, and scandium using instrumental neutron activation analysis. Multivariate adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. Median nail selenium, zinc, chromium, and mercury levels were 1.01, 74.59, 0.77, and 0.018 μg/g in cases and 1.02, 75.71, 0.71, and 0.023 μg/g in controls, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios comparing each fourth quartile of mineral status versus the first quartile were as follows: selenium = 0.78 (95% CI, 0.41-1.49); zinc=0.80 (95% CI, 0.42-1.53); chromium = 0.91 (95% CI, 0.46-1.80); and mercury=0.61 (95% CI, 0.27-1.38), and all trend tests were non-significant. The nail selenium concentration in our controls reflects relatively high selenium status. No evidence of association between selenium or chromium concentrations in toenails and the risk of ESCC was detected in this population.
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