ReviewAnnals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc2018
Loperamide cardiotoxicity: "A Brief Review".
Review in Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of the Effect of Loperamide on the Cardiac Repolarization Interval Using Exposure-Response Analysis.Clinical and translational science · 2025Trial
- Article
- Managing Drug-Drug Interactions Involving the Non-Prescription Opioid Loperamide Through Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea in colorectal cancer patients: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Loperamide-Induced Torsades de Pointes.Cureus · 2024Article
- Risk of Cardiac Lesion with Chronic and Acute Use of Loperamide-An Integrative Review.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Review
- Effects of opioid receptor agonist and antagonist medications on electrocardiogram changes and presentation of cardiac arrhythmia: review article.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2022Review
- The Effect of Electroacupuncture Treatment with Different Intensities for Functional Diarrhea: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Loperamide-Induced Torsades de Pointes.Cureus · 2021Article
- Loperamide-induced cardiotoxicity: a case overlooked?BMJ case reports · 2021Article
- Effect of electroacupuncture on chemotherapy-induced diarrhea: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Translational cancer research · 2021Article
- A Case Report of Cardiogenic Syncope Due to Loperamide Abuse: Acute Presentation and Novel Use of Buprenorphine.Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine · 2021Article
- Loperamide-induced ventricular tachycardia storm.The British journal of cardiology · 2021Article
- ' Loperamide overdose induces ventricular tachycardia with catastrophic outcomes'.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2020Article
- Article
- A Rising Concern of Loperamide Abuse: A Case Report on Resulting Cardiac Complications.Cureus · 2019Article
- Loperamide cardiotoxicity: "A Brief Review".Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2018Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Loperamide is a popular antidiarrheal medication that has been used for many years. It is currently gaining more attention among healthcare professionals due to its increasing potential for side effects. At present, it is considered safe enough to be sold over the counter. In contrast with other opioid agonists, loperamide is a peripherally acting μ-receptor agonist exerting its effects mainly on the myenteric plexus of the gastrointestinal longitudinal muscle layer. It decreases peristalsis and fluid secretion resulting in longer gastrointestinal transit time. The bioavailability of the drug is extremely low. Moreover, it is actively excluded from the central nervous system; hence, it lacks the central effects of euphoria and analgesia at the recommended dosages. Loperamide abuse has been steadily increasing in the United States. Abusers typically ingest high doses in desire to achieve a satisfactory central nervous system drug penetration. This has made it a potential over the counter substitute for self-treating opioid withdrawal symptoms and achieving euphoric effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.