Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29121972›Full record

ArticleMolecular cancer2017

Long noncoding RNA NORAD, a novel competing endogenous RNA, enhances the hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition to promote metastasis in pancreatic cancer.

Hongzhe Li, Xinjing Wang, Chenlei Wen, Zhen Huo, Weishen Wang, Qian Zhan, Dongfeng Cheng, Hao Chen, Xiaxing Deng, Chenghong Peng and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular cancer, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
144citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
11.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

144 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 284 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Prognostic Significance of Microvascular Invasion in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2021
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84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hongzhe LiResearch Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Xinjing WangResearch Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Chenlei WenPancreatic Disease Centre, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Zhen HuoResearch Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Weishen WangPancreatic Disease Centre, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Qian ZhanPancreatic Disease Centre, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Dongfeng ChengPancreatic Disease Centre, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Hao ChenResearch Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaxing DengResearch Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Chenghong PengResearch Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Baiyong ShenResearch Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. shenby@shsmu.edu.cn.
Ruijin Hospital · CNShanghai Jiao Tong University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPancreatic cancer, one of the top two most fatal cancers, is characterized by a desmoplastic reaction that creates a dense microenvironment, promoting hypoxia and inducing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to facilitate invasion and metastasis. Recent evidence indicates that the long noncoding RNA NORAD may be a potential oncogenic gene and that this lncRNA is significantly upregulated during hypoxia. However, the overall biological role and clinical significance of NORAD remains largely unknown.

methodsNORAD expression was measured in 33 paired cancerous and noncancerous tissue samples by real-time PCR. The effects of NORAD on pancreatic cancer cells were studied by overexpression and knockdown in vitro. Insights into the mechanism of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) were gained from bioinformatics analyses and luciferase assays. In vivo, metastatic potential was identified using an orthotopic model of PDAC and quantified using bioluminescent signals. Alterations in RhoA expression and EMT levels were identified and verified by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.

resultsNORAD is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and upregulated in hypoxic conditions. NORAD upregulation is correlated with shorter overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Furthermore, NORAD overexpression promoted the migration and invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells, while NORAD depletion inhibited EMT and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. In particular, NORAD may function as a ceRNA to regulate the expression of the small GTP binding protein RhoA through competition for hsa-miR-125a-3p, thereby promoting EMT.

conclusionsElevated expression of NORAD in pancreatic cancer tissues is linked to poor prognosis and may confer a malignant phenotype upon tumor cells. NORAD may function as a ceRNA to regulate the expression of the small GTP binding protein RhoA through competition for hsa-miR-125a-3p. This finding may contribute to a better understanding of the role played by lncRNAs in hypoxia-induced EMT and provide a potential novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

Indexed as

Up-RegulationAnimalsCell HypoxiaCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMaleMiceMicroRNAsNeoplasm InvasivenessNeoplasm TransplantationPancreatic NeoplasmsMicroRNAsMIRN125 microRNA, humanNORAD long non-coding RNA, humanrhoA GTP-Binding ProteinRHOA protein, humanRNA, Long Noncoding

Identifiers

PMID29121972
PMCPMC5679488
OpenAlexW2767216588

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.