ArticleNeurobiology of aging2018
Higher-order cognitive training effects on processing speed-related neural activity: a randomized trial.
Article in Neurobiology of aging, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 32 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The BrainHealth Project, a Longitudinal Study in Generally Healthy Adults
Breaking Through the Brain Fog: An Online RCT for Breast Cancer Survivors
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Domain-general behavioral gains and neural correlates of cognitive training in healthy populations: a neuroimaging meta-analysis.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2026Pooled it
- Slower Processing Speed in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analytic Investigation of Time-Based Tasks.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Pooled it
- A meta-analysis on the therapeutic efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for cognitive functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders.BMC psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of excitatory transcranial magnetic stimulation over the different cerebral hemispheres dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for post-stroke cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Noninvasive brain stimulation in children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPNPooled it
- Measuring and increasing the brain health span across adulthood: a public health imperative.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Enhancing Patient Understanding of Medication Risks and Benefits.Arthritis care & research · 2022Trial
- Reliability, sensitivity, and predictive value of fMRI during multiple object tracking as a marker of cognitive training gain in combination with tDCS in stroke survivors.Human brain mapping · 2021Trial
- Cognitive-Motor Dual Task Training Synergistically Improves Aging-related Cognitive Dysfunction By Reducing TMAO and Suppressing TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- The neural correlates of cognitive training-induced gains in aging: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.npj aging · 2025Article
- Neuroplasticity of Brain Networks Through Exercise: A Narrative Review About Effect of Types, Intensities, and Durations.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Differential effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for post-stroke cognitive impairment.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of interventions targeting modifiable factors for dementia risk reduction.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- A lifespan perspective on cognitive reserve and risk for dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- The BrainHealth Project study protocol: a scalable digital approach to measuring and promoting multidimensional brain health across the lifespan.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- The impact of music making on neural efficiency & dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2024Article
- Exploring Working Memory Capacity and Efficiency Processes to Understand Working Memory Training Outcomes in Primary School Children.Journal of cognition · 2024Article
- Artificial Cognitive Systems Applied in Executive Function Stimulation and Rehabilitation Programs: A Systematic Review.Arabian journal for science and engineering · 2023Article
- Exploring how brain health strategy training informs the future of work.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Higher-order cognitive training has shown to enhance performance in older adults, but the neural mechanisms underlying performance enhancement have yet to be fully disambiguated. This randomized trial examined changes in processing speed and processing speed-related neural activity in older participants (57-71 years of age) who underwent cognitive training (CT, N = 12) compared with wait-listed (WLC, N = 15) or exercise-training active (AC, N = 14) controls. The cognitive training taught cognitive control functions of strategic attention, integrative reasoning, and innovation over 12 weeks. All 3 groups worked through a functional magnetic resonance imaging processing speed task during 3 sessions (baseline, mid-training, and post-training). Although all groups showed faster reaction times (RTs) across sessions, the CT group showed a significant increase, and the WLC and AC groups showed significant decreases across sessions in the association between RT and BOLD signal change within the left prefrontal cortex (PFC). Thus, cognitive training led to a change in processing speed-related neural activity where faster processing speed was associated with reduced PFC activation, fitting previously identified neural efficiency profiles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.