ArticleBiophysical journal2017
Role of Disulfide Bonds on DNA Packaging Forces in Bull Sperm Chromatin.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel non-antibody fluorescent dual-staining technique for sperm detection in forensic samples.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Article
- Molecular Advances in Male Infertility and Fertility: Importance of Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Epididymal sperm maturation in mouse species with differing levels of sperm competition†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Optimization of Vitrification Protocols for Feline Epididymal Spermatozoa: Impact on Post-Warming Sperm Quality and Fertilizing Potential.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Techniques to Determine Mammalian Sperm Capacitation.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Impact of selenium and selenoproteins on idiopathic male infertility: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Deciphering the role of reactive oxygen species in idiopathic asthenozoospermia.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Bovine oocyte activation with bull or human sperm by conventional ICSI and Piezo-ICSI: Its relationship with PLCɀ activity.Open veterinary journal · 2024Article
- Heavy Metal Exposure: Molecular Pathways, Clinical Implications, and Protective Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effects of Au@Ag core-shell nanostructure with alginate coating on male reproductive system in mice.Toxicology reports · 2023Article
- Exploring Structures and Dynamics of Protamine Molecules through Molecular Dynamics Simulations.ACS omega · 2022Article
- Sperm Heterogeneity Accounts for Sperm DNA Methylation Variations Observed in the Caput Epididymis, Independently From DNMT/TET Activities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Recurrent Co-Option and Recombination of Cytokine and Three Finger Proteins in Multiple Reproductive Tissues Throughout Salamander Evolution.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Sperm bauplan and function and underlying processes of sperm formation and selection.Physiological reviews · 2022Review
- Use of Protamine in Nanopharmaceuticals-A Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Cattle.Genes · 2021Review
- High Efficiency RNA Extraction From Sperm Cells Using Guanidinium Thiocyanate Supplemented With Tris(2-Carboxyethyl)Phosphine.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Entropy based analysis of vertebrate sperm protamines sequences: evidence of potential dityrosine and cysteine-tyrosine cross-linking in sperm protamines.BMC genomics · 2020Article
- Sperm DNA Hypomethylation Proximal to Reproduction Pathway Genes in Maturing Elite Norwegian Red Bulls.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- DNA methylation patterns vary in boar sperm cells with different levels of DNA fragmentation.BMC genomics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Short arginine-rich proteins called protamines mediate the near crystalline DNA packaging in most vertebrate sperm cells. Protamines are synthesized during spermiogenesis and condense the paternal genome into a transcriptionally inactive state in late-stage spermatids. Protamines from eutherian mammals, including bulls and humans, also contain multiple cysteine residues that form intra- and interprotamine sulfur-sulfur bonds during the final stages of sperm maturation. Although the cross-linked protamine network is known to stabilize the resulting nucleoprotamine structure, little is known about the role of disulfide bonds on DNA condensation in the mammalian sperm. Using small angle x-ray scattering, we show that isolated bull nuclei achieve slightly lower DNA packing densities compared to salmon nuclei despite salmon protamine lacking cysteine residues. Surprisingly, reduction of the intermolecular sulfur-sulfur bonds of bull protamine results in tighter DNA packing. Complete reduction of the intraprotamine disulfide bonds ultimately leads to decondensation, suggesting that disulfide-mediated secondary structure is also critical for proper protamine function. Lastly, comparison of multiple bull collections showed some to have aberrant x-ray scattering profiles consistent with incorrect disulfide bond formation. Together, these observations shed light on the biological functions of disulfide linkages for in vivo DNA packaging in sperm chromatin.
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