Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29116890›Full record

ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2017

A Test-and-Not-Treat Strategy for Onchocerciasis in Loa loa-Endemic Areas.

Joseph Kamgno, Sébastien D Pion, Cédric B Chesnais, Matthew H Bakalar, Michael V D'Ambrosio, Charles D Mackenzie, Hugues C Nana-Djeunga, Raceline Gounoue-Kamkumo, Guy-Roger Njitchouang, Philippe Nwane and 7 more

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In one paragraph

Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
14.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 304 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Imported Loiasis at a Clinical Reference Center in Germany: A Retrospective Case Series.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024
    Article

36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Joseph KamgnoFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Sébastien D PionFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Cédric B ChesnaisFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Matthew H BakalarFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Michael V D'AmbrosioFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Charles D MackenzieFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Hugues C Nana-DjeungaFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Raceline Gounoue-KamkumoFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Guy-Roger NjitchouangFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Philippe NwaneFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Jules B Tchatchueng-MbougaFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Samuel WanjiFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Wilma A StolkFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Daniel A FletcherFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Amy D KlionFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Thomas B NutmanFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
Michel BoussinesqFrom the Center for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (J.K., H.C.N.-D., R.G.-K., G.-R.N., P.N., J.B.T.-M.) and the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I (J.K.), Yaounde, and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, and Research Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), Buea (S.W.) - all in Cameroon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Unité Mixte Internationale 233-INSERM Unité 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France (S.D.P., C.B.C., M.B.); the Department of Bioengineering and the Biophysics Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley (M.H.B., M.V.D., D.A.F.); the Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing (C.D.M.); the Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (W.A.S.); the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco (D.A.F.); and the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD (A.D.K., T.B.N.).
University of Buea · CMInserm · FRUniversité de Montpellier · FRUniversité de Yaoundé I · CMUniversity of California, Berkeley · US

Funding

Clinical And Therapeutic Studies Of Human Filariasis and Related DiseasesZIAAI000439 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI NUTMAN, THOMAS · 2009 to 2025
$14.8M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImplementation of an ivermectin-based community treatment strategy for the elimination of onchocerciasis or lymphatic filariasis has been delayed in Central Africa because of the occurrence of serious adverse events, including death, in persons with high levels of circulating Loa loa microfilariae. The LoaScope, a field-friendly diagnostic tool to quantify L. loa microfilariae in peripheral blood, enables rapid, point-of-care identification of persons at risk for serious adverse events.

methodsA test-and-not-treat strategy was used in the approach to ivermectin treatment in the Okola health district in Cameroon, where the distribution of ivermectin was halted in 1999 after the occurrence of fatal events related to L. loa infection. The LoaScope was used to identify persons with an L. loa microfilarial density greater than 20,000 microfilariae per milliliter of blood, who were considered to be at risk for serious adverse events, and exclude them from ivermectin distribution. Active surveillance for posttreatment adverse events was performed daily for 6 days.

resultsFrom August through October 2015, a total of 16,259 of 22,842 persons 5 years of age or older (71.2% of the target population) were tested for L. loa microfilaremia. Among the participants who underwent testing, a total of 15,522 (95.5%) received ivermectin, 340 (2.1%) were excluded from ivermectin distribution because of an L. loa microfilarial density above the risk threshold, and 397 (2.4%) were excluded because of pregnancy or illness. No serious adverse events were observed. Nonserious adverse events were recorded in 934 participants, most of whom (67.5%) had no detectable L. loa microfilariae.

conclusionsThe LoaScope-based test-and-not-treat strategy enabled the reimplementation of community-wide ivermectin distribution in a heretofore "off limits" health district in Cameroon and is a potentially practical approach to larger-scale ivermectin treatment for lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis in areas where L. loa infection is endemic. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and others.).

Indexed as

Endemic DiseasesAdolescentAdultAgedAnimalsAntiparasitic AgentsBloodCameroonChildElephantiasis, FilarialFemaleHumansIvermectinLoaLogistic ModelsLoiasisAntiparasitic AgentsIvermectin

Identifiers

PMID29116890
PMCPMC5629452
OpenAlexW2767594581

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