ArticleScientific reports2017
Task engagement and mental workload involved in variation and repetition of a motor skill.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Methodological Considerations and Effectiveness for Ecologically Valid Mental Fatigue Inducement in Sports: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of bilateral and unilateral mental practice on actual motor performance and event-related desynchronization.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Acute Neuromuscular Fatigue of a Random Vs Constant Session of Repeated Standing Long Jumps.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2024Trial
- Acute effects of random, serial and constant intensities of isometric knee extensions on neuromuscular fatigability and motor control.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Comparison Between Scene-Independent and Scene-Dependent Eye Metrics in Assessing Psychomotor Skills.Human factors · 2025Article
- Dynamic alterations in cortical activation during motor adaptation in table tennis using whole‑brain fNIRS.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Enhancing perceptual, attentional, and working memory demands through variable practice schedules: insights from high-density EEG multi-scale analyses.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- Enhancing Mixed Reality Simulation Training Technology With Real-Time Performance Visualization: Mixed Methods Study With Medical First Responders.JMIR XR and spatial computing · 2024Article
- Many Pieces to the Puzzle: A New Holistic Workload Approach to Designing Practice in Sports.Sports medicine - open · 2023Review
- Neural correlates of perceptual texture change during active touch.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- EEG and peripheral markers of viewer ratings: a study of short films.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Growth trajectories of cognitive and motor control in adolescence: How much is development and how much is practice?Neuropsychology · 2022Article
- An Exploratory Comparison of Subjective Mental Fatigue Following a Task Designed to Replicate the Observation of Game Film.International journal of exercise science · 2022Article
- Neuroplasticity in Motor Learning Under Variable and Constant Practice Conditions-Protocol of Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Study of EEG characteristics while solving scientific problems with different mental effort.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Learner-centered education: ICU residents' expectations of teaching style and supervision level.BMC medical education · 2021Article
- Arm movement adaptation to concurrent pain constraints.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Sensor-based indicators of performance changes between sessions during robotic surgery training.Applied ergonomics · 2021Article
- A secondary task is not always costly: Context-based guidance of visual search survives interference from a demanding working memory task.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2019Article
- Mental Fatigue in Football: Is it Time to Shift the Goalposts? An Evaluation of the Current Methodology.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Explanatory hypotheses proposed in behavioral studies assumed that less repetitive practice schedules, such as random practice, seem to demand greater cognitive effort than more repetitive types of practice organization, such as constant. All of these hypotheses emphasize the enhanced demand to memory processes promoted by less repetitive practice schedules. In the present study, we investigated the cognitive effort involved in random and constant practice schedules with an electrophysiological approach. Twenty-one male participants practiced a sequential key-pressing task with two goals: learning the relative timing dimension and learning the absolute timing dimension. Sixty trials were performed in a constant practice schedule (only one absolute timing goal), and sixty trials were performed in random order (three absolute timing goals). Two electroencephalography based measures of cognitive states were used: (a) task engagement (sensory processing and attention resources) and (b) mental workload (working memory load). The results showed that random practice induced greater cognitive effort than constant practice when task engagement was analyzed. Throughout practice, both task engagement and mental workload decreased more in the constant practice condition than in the random practice condition. The increased demand for sensory processing observed in random practice opens a new exciting field of study in practice organization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.