ReviewShock (Augusta, Ga.)2019
Current Challenges in the Development of Acellular Hemoglobin Oxygen Carriers by Protein Engineering.
Review in Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Oxygen Carriers: Lessons From Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier Clinical Trials and Current Development Efforts.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Review
- Progress in Development of Functional Biological and Synthetic Blood Products to Augment Transfusable Blood Supply in Operational Medicine.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Precise Engineering and Efficient Biosynthesis of Robust and High-Activity Human Haemoglobin for Artificial Oxygen Carriers.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
- The Shr receptor fromProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The peroxidatic activities of Myoglobin and Hemoglobin, their pathological consequences and possible medical interventions.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2022Review
- Kinetic mechanisms for OMolecular aspects of medicine · 2022Review
- Design Considerations for Macroencapsulation Devices for Stem Cell Derived Islets for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Review
- Quality by design approach identifies critical parameters driving oxygen delivery performance in vitro for perfluorocarbon based artificial oxygen carriers.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Introducing Negatively Charged Residues on the Surface of Fetal Hemoglobin Improves Yields inFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Atomistic Simulations of Heme Dissociation Pathways in Human Methemoglobins Reveal Hidden Intermediates.Biochemistry · 2020Article
- The Interplay between Molten Globules and Heme Disassociation Defines Human Hemoglobin Disassembly.Biophysical journal · 2020Article
- Nanomedicines: A Potential Treatment for Blood Disorder Diseases.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This article reviews the key biochemical mechanisms that govern O2 transport, NO scavenging, and oxidative degradation of acellular hemoglobin (Hb) and how these ideas have been used to try to develop strategies to engineer safer and more effective hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs). Significant toxicities due to acellular Hb have been observed after the administration of HBOCs or after the lysis of red cells, and include rapid clearance and kidney damage due to dissociation into dimers, haptoglobin binding, and macrophage activation; early O2 release leading to decreased tissue perfusion in capillary beds; interference with endothelial and smooth muscle signaling due to nitric oxide (NO) scavenging; autooxidization of heme iron followed by production of reactive oxygen species; and iron overload symptoms due to hemin loss, globin denaturation, iron accumulation, and further inflammation. Protein engineering can be used to mitigate some of these side effects, but requires an in-depth mechanistic understanding of the biochemical and biophysical features of Hb that regulate quaternary structure, O2 affinity, NO dioxygenation, and resistance to oxidation, hemin loss, and unfolding.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.