ArticleAIDS (London, England)2018
The effects of HIV and smoking on aortic and splenic inflammation.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Gut-heart immuno-metabolic disruption associated with inflammaging and subclinical coronary artery disease in people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Heroin Use Is Associated With Vascular Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Updates in the Impact of Chronic Systemic Inflammation on Vascular Inflammation by Positron Emission Tomography (PET).Current cardiology reports · 2022Review
- Lymphoma Severity and Type Are Associated With Aortic FDG Uptake byJACC. CardioOncology · 2020Article
- Positron Emission Tomography to Characterize Dorsocervical Fat Pad Hypertrophy in People With Treated HIV Infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Subclinical Atherosclerosis Imaging in People Living with HIV.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Characteristics, Prevention, and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the association of smoking and HIV status with tissue-specific inflammation measured by flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET).
designA cross-sectional study.
methodsWe prospectively enrolled 55 HIV study participants on stable antiretroviral therapy and 19 age-matched HIV-uninfected controls without known cardiovascular disease. We measured aortic target-to-background ratio (TBR) and spleen standardized uptake values (SUV) 3-h post-FDG, and used regression models to examine the independent association of HIV and smoking status with PET variables.
resultsOverall, median (interquartile range) age was 50 (42-55) years; 81% were men and 54% were current smokers (median 0.5 packs/day, 25 pack-years]. Median CD4 of HIV study participants was 690 cells/ml and 88% had HIV-1 RNA less than 20 c/ml; 43% were on a protease inhibitor. In fully adjusted models, HIV was associated with 0.16 (95% confidence interval 0.04-0.27; P = 0.009) higher aortic TBR, whereas current smoking was marginally associated with a lower TBR [-0.11 (95% confidence interval -0.23 to 0.01); P = 0.07]. Spleen SUVmean was not associated with HIV or smoking, and there was no evidence for an HIVsmoking interaction for aortic or spleen models (all P > 0.1). Spleen SUVmean was positively associated with biomarkers of inflammation and coronary artery calcium, but adjustment for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors attenuated these relationships.
conclusionThe FDG-PET study of HIV study participants suggests that HIV is associated with increased aortic inflammation independent of traditional risk factors, but smoking is not. Future studies should continue to explore the mechanistic roles of smoking and inflammation at various stages of clinical and subclinical atherosclerotic vascular disease in HIV.
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