ArticleAIDS (London, England)2018
Sex-based differences in neurocognitive functioning in HIV-infected young adults.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Differences in Neurocognitive Function in Adults with HIV: Patterns, Predictors, and Mechanisms.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Pooled it
- Cognitive performance in adolescents with perinatally-acquired HIV and associations with oral health in Nigeria.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Understanding the psychosocial context of employment and occupational productivity among women living with HIV: A mixed-methods study.Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment and neurocognitive profiles among people living with HIV and HIV-negative individuals older over 50 years: a comparison of IHDS, MMSE and MoCA.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- Sex differences in cognitive function among people with HIV-1 clade C infection in Northern India.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- The comorbidity of depression and neurocognitive disorder in persons with HIV infection: call for investigation and treatment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Difference in the neurocognitive functions of WLWH and MLWH in an Italian cohort of people living with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Non-AIDS Comorbidities Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Review
- Greater Sensorimotor Deficits and Abnormally Lower Globus Pallidus Fractional Anisotropy in HIV+ Women than in HIV+ Men.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Article
- Blood-Brain Barrier Impairment in Patients Living with HIV: Predictors and Associated Biomarkers.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Mini-review: The therapeutic role of cannabinoids in neuroHIV.Neuroscience letters · 2021Review
- Neurocognitive Complications of HIV Infection in Women: Insights from the WIHS Cohort.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Review
- Immuno-inflammatory changes across phases of early psychosis: The impact of antipsychotic medication and stage of illness.Schizophrenia research · 2020Article
- Effects of HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, and immune status on the speed of information processing and complex motor functions in adult Cameroonians.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Neurocognitive Impairment in the Combined Antiretroviral Therapy Era in a Romanian Cohort of Young Adults with Chronic HIV Infection.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Article
- Plasma CXCL10 correlates with HAND in HIV-infected women.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in the Patterns and Predictors of Cognitive Function in HIV.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Sex-specific neurogenic deficits and neurocognitive disorders in middle-aged HIV-1 Tg26 transgenic mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2019Article
- Sex differences in neurocognitive screening among adults living with HIV in China.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
- Interferon-The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSex differences in cognition of HIV positive (HIV) patients are controversial. We aimed to investigate the relationship between cognition, HIV status, and sex, in a highly homogenous cohort of young Romanians parenterally infected during early childhood.
methodsIn total, 250 HIV participants were compared with age-matched HIV negative (HIV) controls (n = 72) in a cross-sectional study. After standardized neurocognitive, psychological testing and medical evaluation, linear regression was used to assess the effect of sex and HIV on neurocognitive outcomes.
resultsStudy participants were on average 23 years old with balanced sex distribution (% women = 52% vs. 43%). HIV were more educated (12.7 vs. 11.6 years, P = 0.002).HIV status was associated with a lower global performance (β = -0.22, P < 0.001), after controlling for age and education. HIV women had better previous and current HIV-associated markers. The effect of HIV on global cognition did not differ between sexes in most cognitive domains (β = 0.07, P = 0.14). An interaction between sex, HIV status, and cognitive functioning was found in the psychomotor domain. HIV women had worse motor skills than HIV women (β = -0.32, P < 0.001) suggesting a specific effect of HIV on motor functioning in women only. Moreover, current CD4 less than 200 cells/μl (P = 0.013) and longer time lived with CD4 less than 200 cells/μl (P = 0.023) were negatively correlated with the motor scaled score in women (β = -0.22, P = 0.034).
conclusionDespite less advanced disease in women, long-term HIV infection has an equally detrimental effect on cognitive performances of both sexes, in all cognitive domains, except the psychomotor domain where women are preferentially affected.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.