Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29108698›Full record

ArticleSurgery2018

Familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism associated with germline GCM2 mutations is more aggressive and has a lesser rate of biochemical cure.

Mustapha El Lakis, Pavel Nockel, Bin Guan, Sunita Agarwal, James Welch, William F Simonds, Stephen Marx, Yulong Li, Naris Nilubol, Dhaval Patel and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Surgery, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Heritable hyperparathyroidism: Genetic insights and clinical implications.Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2025
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Genetics of Primary Hyperparathyroidism.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2022
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Whole exome sequencing in familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2020
    Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mustapha El LakisEndocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Pavel NockelEndocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Bin GuanMetabolic Disease Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Sunita AgarwalMetabolic Disease Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
James WelchMetabolic Disease Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
William F SimondsMetabolic Disease Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Stephen MarxMetabolic Disease Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Yulong LiMetabolic Disease Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Naris NilubolMetabolic Disease Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Dhaval PatelEndocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Lily YangEndocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Roxanne MerkelEndocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Electron KebebewEndocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Surgery, The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC. Electronic address: kebebewe@mail.nih.gov.
National Cancer Institute · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Therapeutic targets and novel anticancer agents for endocrine cancersZIABC011286 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI NILUBOL, NARIS · 2010 to 2025
$16.6M
Hyperparathyroidism-- Etiology, Diagnosis And TreatmentZIADK043006 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI JHA, SMITA · 2011 to 2025
$8.9M
Genomic and genetic studies of endocrine cancersZIABC011275 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI KEBEBEW, ELECTRON · 2010 to 2018
$8.2M
Clinical Investigation of FIHP, Parathyroid Cancer & the HPT-JT SyndromeZIADK043012 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI SIMONDS, WILLIAM F · 2009 to 2025
$4.3M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA BC011275
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHereditary primary hyperparathyroidism may be syndromic or nonsyndromic (familial isolated hyperparathyroidism). Recently, germline activating mutations in the GCM2 gene were identified in a subset of familial isolated hyperparathyroidism. This study examined the clinical and biochemical characteristics and the treatment outcomes of GCM2 mutation-positive familial isolated hyperparathyroidism as compared to sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism.

methodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of clinical features, parathyroid pathology, and operative outcomes in 18 patients with GCM2 germline mutations and 457 patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism.

resultsAge at diagnosis, sex distribution, race/ethnicity, and preoperative serum calcium concentrations were similar between the 2 groups. The preoperative serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone was greater in patients with GCM2-associated primary hyperparathyroidism (239 ± 394 vs 136 ± 113, P = .005) as were rates of multigland disease and parathyroid carcinoma in the GCM2 group (78% vs 14.3%, P < .001 and 5% vs 0%, P = .04, respectively), but the biochemical cure rate was less in the GCM2 group (86% vs 99%, P < .001).

conclusionGCM2-associated primary hyperparathyroidism patients have greater preoperative parathyroid hormone levels, a greater rate of multigland disease, a lesser rate of biochemical cure, and a substantial risk of parathyroid carcinoma. Knowledge of these clinical characteristics could optimize the surgical management of GCM2-associated familial isolated hyperparathyroidism.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedFemaleGerm-Line MutationHumansHyperparathyroidism, PrimaryMaleMiddle AgedNuclear ProteinsParathyroid GlandsRetrospective StudiesTranscription FactorsYoung AdultGCM2 protein, humanNuclear ProteinsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID29108698
PMCPMC5736428
OpenAlexW2765901345

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.