ArticleILAR journal2017
Toward an Ecological Framework for Assessing Reservoirs of Vector-Borne Pathogens: Wildlife Reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi across the Southern United States.
Article in ILAR journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Pooled it
- Bat-associated Trypanosoma diversity, geographic extension of known clades, and predominance of T. cruzi TcIV in a conserved tropical forest of southeastern Mexico.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Interventions for Neglected Diseases Caused by Kinetoplastid Parasites: A One Health Approach to Drug Discovery, Development, and Deployment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chagas Disease, an Endemic Disease in the United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Trypanosoma cruzi DTU TcI disproportionately associated with fatal T. cruzi myocarditis in dogs in Texas, USA.Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports · 2025Article
- Potential vertical transmission of genetically diverse Trypanosoma cruzi in natural rodent populations.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Development of an operational trap for collection, killing, and preservation of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): the kissing bug kill trap.Journal of medical entomology · 2024Article
- Fifteen Years after the Definition ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Canine Systemic Insecticides Fluralaner and Lotilaner Induce Acute Mortality of Triatoma gerstaeckeri, North American Vector of the Chagas Disease Parasite.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Article
- Fluralaner systemic treatment of chickens results in mortality in Triatoma gerstaeckeri, vector of the agent of Chagas disease.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Exclusion of Horizontal and Vertical Transmission as Major Sources ofComparative medicine · 2023Article
- Collection of triatomines from sylvatic habitats by a Trypanosoma cruzi-infected scent detection dog in Texas, USA.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of fluralaner treatment regimens for the control of canine Chagas disease: A mathematical modeling study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Identification of the parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, in multiple tissues of epidemiological significance in the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana): Implications for environmental and vertical transmission routes.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Characterization of triatomine bloodmeal sources using direct Sanger sequencing and amplicon deep sequencing methods.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- High incidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infections in dogs directly detected through longitudinal tracking at 10 multi-dog kennels, Texas, USA.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Diversity and Epidemiology of Bat Trypanosomes: A One Health Perspective.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- In the heart of the city: Trypanosoma cruzi infection prevalence in rodents across New Orleans.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Nationwide Exposure of U.S. Working Dogs to the Chagas Disease Parasite,The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Wildlife species are critical for both feeding vectors and serving as reservoirs of zoonotic vector-borne pathogens. Transmission pathways leading to disease in humans or other target taxa might be better understood and managed given a complete understanding of the relative importance of different reservoir species in nature. Using the conceptual framework of "reservoir potential," which considers elements of both reservoir competence and vector-host contact, we review the wildlife reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi in the southern United States, where many species of triatomine vectors occur and wildlife maintain enzootic cycles that create a risk of spillover to humans, domestic dogs, and captive nonhuman primates that may develop Chagas disease. We reviewed 77 published reports of T. cruzi infection in at least 26 wildlife species across 15 southern states. Among the most well-studied and highly infected reservoirs are raccoon (Procyon lotor), woodrat (Neotoma spp.), and opossum (Didelphis virginiana), with aggregate overall infection prevalences of 36.4, 34.7, and 22.9%, respectively. Just over 60% of studies utilized methods from which an infectiousness index could be generated and show that raccoons and striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) are among the most infectious wildlife hosts. Triatomine-host contact has sparsely been quantified in the southern United States, but 18 of the 24 host species previously identified to have been fed upon by triatomines are wildlife. Future studies to parameterize the reservoir potential model, especially to quantify wildlife infectiousness, vector-host contact, and the epidemiological importance of parasite strains maintained by wildlife, could open new doors for managing enzootic cycles and reducing T. cruzi spillover risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.