Trial reportBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2018
Dicloxacillin induces CYP2C19, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 in vivo and in vitro.
Trial report in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Collecting Metabolite Pharmacokinetics in Drug-Drug Interaction Studies: A Review of Industry Practices and Data Utilization.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026Pooled it
- Dicloxacillin is an inducer of intestinal P-glycoprotein but neither dicloxacillin nor flucloxacillin increases the risk of stroke/systemic embolism in direct oral anticoagulant users.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Trial
- Dicloxacillin induces CYP2C19, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 in vivo and in vitro.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Trial
- The Effect of Dicloxacillin Administration on Pharmacokinetics of Narrow Therapeutic Window Drugs: Phenytoin and Warfarin.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Factors affecting voriconazole pharmacokinetic variability in critically ill patients: a systematic review.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Dicloxacillin and Flucloxacillin Inhibit Hepatic Uptake Transporters-In Vitro Investigations and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Dicloxacillin and flucloxacillin inhibit hepatic uptake transporters -in vitro investigations and physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Reduced Glutathione Promoted Growth Performance by Improving the Jejunal Barrier, Antioxidant Function, and Altering Proteomics of Weaned Piglets.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Metabolite Measurement in Index Substrate Drug Interaction Studies: A Review of the Literature and Recent New Drug Application Reviews.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Cytochrome P450 activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients during continuous IL-6 receptor antagonist therapy.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Review
- Developmental Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics Used in Neonatal ICU: Focus on Preterm Infants.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Drug metabolism and drug transport of the 100 most prescribed oral drugs.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Review
- Concomitant Treatment with Voriconazole and Flucloxacillin: A Combination to Avoid.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Flucloxacillin decreases tacrolimus blood trough levels: a single-center retrospective cohort study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Article
- A comprehensive analysis of the microbiota composition and gene expression in colorectal cancer.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThe aim of this study was to study potential cytochrome P450 (CYP) induction by dicloxacillin.
methodsWe performed an open-label, randomized, two-phase, five-drug clinical pharmacokinetic cocktail crossover study in 12 healthy men with and without pretreatment with 1 g dicloxacillin three times daily for 10 days. Plasma and urine were collected over 24 h and the concentration of all five drugs and their primary metabolites was determined using a liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method. Cryopreserved primary human hepatocytes were exposed to dicloxacillin for 48 h and changes in gene expression and the activity of CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2B6 and CYP1A2 were investigated. The activation of nuclear receptors by dicloxacillin was assessed using luciferase assays.
resultsA total of 10 days of treatment with dicloxacillin resulted in a clinically and statistically significant reduction in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 h for omeprazole (CYP2C19) {geometric mean ratio [GMR] [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.33 [0.24, 0.45]}, tolbutamide (CYP2C9) [GMR (95% CI): 0.73 (0.65, 0.81)] and midazolam (CYP3A4) [GMR (95% CI): 0.54 (0.41, 0.72)]. Additionally, other relevant pharmacokinetic parameters were affected, indicating the induction of CYP2C- and CYP3A4-mediated metabolism by dicloxacillin. Investigations in primary hepatocytes showed a statistically significant dose-dependent increase in CYP expression and activity by dicloxacillin, caused by activation of the pregnane X receptor.
conclusionsDicloxacillin is an inducer of CYP2C- and CYP3A-mediated drug metabolism, and we recommend caution when prescribing dicloxacillin to users of drugs with a narrow therapeutic window.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.