ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2018
Modulation of the Interleukin-21 Pathway with Interleukin-4 Distinguishes Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients with More Non-infectious Clinical Complications.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer Trends in Inborn Errors of Immunity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic literature review of CVID reveals pervasive detrimental noninfectious manifestations.Journal of human immunity · 2026Article
- Antibody Secretion Capacity in CVID Patients: Immunoglobulin Isotypes and Antigen Specificities After T-Cell-Dependent In Vitro Stimulation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Cytokine Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Stimulation in Patients with Predominantly Antibody Deficiencies.Viruses · 2023Article
- Involvement of miR-142 and miR-155 in Non-Infectious Complications of CVID.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Phenotypically defined subpopulations of circulating follicular helper T cells in common variable immunodeficiency.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2020Article
- Infectious Complications Reporting in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Oman medical journal · 2020Review
- Functions of Tfh Cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- IL-21 and anti-CD40 restore Bcl-2 family protein imbalance in vitro in low-survival CD27Cell death & disease · 2018Article
- A Unique HeterozygousFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeCommon variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and clinical manifestations such as infections, autoimmunity, and malignancy. We sought to determine if responsiveness to interleukin-21 (IL-21), a key cytokine for B cell differentiation, correlates with distinct clinical phenotypes in CVID.
methodsCVID subjects were recruited through the Canadian Primary Immunodeficiency Evaluative Survey registry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with anti-CD40 ± interferon-gamma, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-21, and/or IL-4+IL-21. B cell subpopulations and IgG production were determined at baseline and day 7 by flow cytometry and ELISA. Clinical complications were compared using contingency tables.
resultsCVID subjects exhibited decreased CD27
conclusionsThe IL-4 and IL-21 in vitro assays distinguish two groups of CVID subjects and can be used with baseline B cell subpopulation phenotyping to better identify patients experiencing more vs. fewer clinical non-infectious complications and potentially to modulate therapy.
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Registered trials
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