Trial reportChest2018
A Phase II Clinical Trial of Low-Dose Inhaled Carbon Monoxide in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.
Trial report in Chest, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase II Study of Inhaled CO for the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
A Phase II Trial of Inhaled Carbon Monoxide for the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
A Phase Ib Trial of Inhaled Carbon Monoxide for the Treatment of Pneumonia and Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of blood biomarkers with individual participant data meta-analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-7 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.The European respiratory journal · 2022Pooled it
- Health-related quality of life of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2020Pooled it
- Low Dose Carbon Monoxide Exposure in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Produces a CO Signature Comprised of Oxidative Phosphorylation Genes.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Unraveling the potential of gasotransmitters as neurogenic and neuroprotective molecules: focus on Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2026Review
- Relevant insights from personalized inhaled carbon monoxide dosing in a safety study in pneumonia and ARDS.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Gas entrapping materials for damage control.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2026Review
- When Red Blood Cells Meet Carbon Monoxide: Yin and Yang in Medicines and Pharmaceuticals.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Carbon Monoxide Therapy: Evidence and Prospects for Preventing and Treating Retinal Diseases.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Gasotransmitters bridging tumor biology and immunity: from pathophysiological insights to therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Lung Transplant Surgery: Where Do We Stand?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The role of gasotransmitters in Parkinson's disease: Interplay of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- Carbon Monoxide as a Molecular Modulator of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: New Insights for Translational Application in Organ Transplantation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction in a ventricular fibrillation swine model of cardiac arrest treated with carbon monoxide.Resuscitation · 2025Article
- Compelling Evidence: A Critical Update on the Therapeutic Potential of Carbon Monoxide.Medicinal research reviews · 2025Review
- Composite Hyaluronic Acid Gas-Entrapping Materials to Promote Wound Healing.Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Carbon Monoxide as a Potential Therapeutic Agent: A Molecular Analysis of Its Safety Profiles.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Article
- Elucidating the Molecular Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions of Gaseous Mediators in the Context of Fibrosis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Novel inhalation therapy in pulmonary fibrosis: principles, applications and prospects.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPreclinical studies have demonstrated that low-dose carbon monoxide (CO) can abrogate experimental lung fibrosis. To test the therapeutic role of inhaled CO, we designed a clinical study in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
methodsWe conducted a multicenter, phase IIa, double-blinded, sham-controlled, clinical trial. Patients with IPF were randomized to treatment with inhaled CO at 100 to 200 parts per million or to inhaled 21% oxygen for 2 h daily, twice weekly, for 12 weeks. The primary study end point was the difference in change in matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7) serum concentration after 12 weeks of treatment. Secondary end points included pulmonary function test measures, 6-min walk distance, rates of adverse events, acute exacerbation, hospitalization and death, and quality of life measures.
resultsFifty-eight subjects were randomized to treatment with inhaled CO (n = 29) or placebo (n = 29). Despite modest increases in CO blood levels, the change in MMP7 concentrations after 12 weeks of treatment did not significantly differ between the study arms (MMP7 difference at week 12, -0.90 ng/mL; 95% CI, -4.18 to 2.38 ng/mL). No differences were observed in physiologic measures, incidence of acute exacerbations, hospitalization, death, or patient-reported outcomes. Importantly, no differences in distribution of adverse events were noted between the treatment arms.
conclusionsInhaled CO is well tolerated and can be safely administered to patients with IPF in the ambulatory setting; however, inhaled CO did not result in significant changes in study end points. Our findings support testing the efficacy of inhaled therapies in future IPF clinical trials. TRIAL REGISTRY: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT01214187; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.