ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2018
Anxiety, Stress, and Trauma Symptoms in African Americans: Negative Affectivity Does Not Explain the Relationship between Microaggressions and Psychopathology.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Internet-Based Microaggressions, Mental Health, and Stress: Development and Validation of the Internet-based Microagressions Scale.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Addressing Race-Based Trauma for Black Veterans Engaged in PTSD Evidence-Based Psychotherapy.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Are we gatekeeping trauma? A conceptual model to expand criterion A for invisible, identity-based, and systemic traumas.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Review
- When 'Can I help you?' hurts: Roma experiences of everyday microaggressions in retail outlets.The British journal of social psychology · 2025Article
- Campus Racial Climate, Psychological Well-being, and Race-Based Traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Monoracial Black and Biracial Black Students Following Heightened Exposure to Police Brutality.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Greater stress and trauma mediate race-related differences in epigenetic age between Black and White young adults in a community sample.Neurobiology of stress · 2023Article
- Racial microaggressions and major discriminatory events explain ethnoracial differences in psychotic experiences.Schizophrenia research · 2023Article
- Anxiety-Related Disorders in the Context of Racism.Current psychiatry reports · 2023Review
- Article
- Examining the associations between PTSD symptom clusters and alcohol-related problems in a sample of low-SES treatment-seeking Black/African American adults.Journal of psychiatric research · 2022Article
- Strong Black Women: Linking Stereotypes, Stress, and Overeating Among a Sample of Black Female College Students.Journal of black studies · 2022Article
- Emotional Schemas and Psychological Distress: Mediating Role of Resilience and Cognitive Flexibility.Iranian journal of psychiatry · 2022Article
- Superwoman Schema: a context for understanding psychological distress among middle-class African American women who perceive racial microaggressions.Ethnicity & health · 2022Article
- Actions Against Racism:: Bringing Together Trauma-Informed Practices, Social-Emotional Learning, and Racial Socialization to Combat Racism in Schools.Delaware journal of public health · 2022Article
- The Traumatizing Impact of Racism in Canadians of Colour.Current trauma reports · 2022Review
- Racial Discrimination, Racial Identity, and Obesity in Collegiate African American Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2021Article
- The Need for Shared Nomenclature on Racism and Related Terminology in Psychology.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2021Article
- Racial discrimination predicts mental health outcomes beyond the role of personality traits in a community sample of African Americans.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2021Article
- The Need for Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy in the Black Community and the Burdens of Its Provision.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- A qualitative study of microaggressions against African Americans on predominantly White campuses.BMC psychology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prior research has demonstrated a clear relationship between experiences of racial microaggressions and various indicators of psychological unwellness. One concern with these findings is that the role of negative affectivity, considered a marker of neuroticism, has not been considered. Negative affectivity has previously been correlated to experiences of racial discrimination and psychological unwellness and has been suggested as a cause of the observed relationship between microaggressions and psychopathology. We examined the relationships between self-reported frequency of experiences of microaggressions and several mental health outcomes (i.e., anxiety [Beck Anxiety Inventory], stress [General Ethnic and Discrimination Scale], and trauma symptoms [Trauma Symptoms of Discrimination Scale]) in 177 African American and European American college students, controlling for negative affectivity (the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) and gender. Results indicated that African Americans experience more racial discrimination than European Americans. Negative affectivity in African Americans appears to be significantly related to some but not all perceptions of the experience of discrimination. A strong relationship between racial mistreatment and symptoms of psychopathology was evident, even after controlling for negative affectivity. In summary, African Americans experience clinically measurable anxiety, stress, and trauma symptoms as a result of racial mistreatment, which cannot be wholly explained by individual differences in negative affectivity. Future work should examine additional factors in these relationships, and targeted interventions should be developed to help those suffering as a result of racial mistreatment and to reduce microaggressions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.