SynthesisDiabetologia2018
Sugar-sweetened beverage intake associations with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations are not modified by selected genetic variants in a ChREBP-FGF21 pathway: a meta-analysis.
5 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph
Synthesis in Diabetologia, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Framingham Heart Study
Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC)
The Cardiovascular Health Study
Nurses' Health Study (Cardiovascular Component)
Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Free Sugar Intake and Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption May Modify Associations Between Genetic Variants in the CHREBP (Carbohydrate Responsive Element Binding Protein) Locus and HDL-C (High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol) and Triglyceride Concentrations.Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2021Trial
- Sugar Shockwaves: How the Fructose-Glucose-ChREBP Pathway Hijacks Liver Metabolism.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Associations between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Black Women with Obesity and a Family History of Breast Cancer.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Healthy dietary pattern is associated with lower glycemia independently of the genetic risk of type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Finnish men.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- The Impact of Free Sugar on Human Health-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Urinary metabolic biomarkers of diet quality in European children are associated with metabolic health.eLife · 2022Article
- Association of the consumption of common drinks with early puberty in both sexes.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Molecular aspects of fructose metabolism and metabolic disease.Cell metabolism · 2021Review
- Recent consumption of a caffeine-containing beverage and serum biomarkers of cardiometabolic function in the UK Biobank.The British journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- Consumption of sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverages and breast cancer survival.Cancer · 2021Article
- The association of the glucokinase rs4607517 polymorphism with gestational diabetes mellitus and its interaction with sweets consumption in Chinese women.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Association of sugar-sweetened beverage intake with risk of metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents in urban China.Public health nutrition · 2020Article
- Genotypes of HLA, TCF7L2, and FTO as potential modifiers of the association between sweetened beverage consumption and risk of LADA and type 2 diabetes.European journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Heterogeneity in Metabolic Responses to Dietary Fructose.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- Impact of food pattern on glycemic control among type 2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study in the United Arab Emirates.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2019Article
- Interactions between Genetics and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption on Health Outcomes: A Review of Gene-Diet Interaction Studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
50 authors at 20 institutions in 5 countries.
Nicola M McKeownNutritional Epidemiology Program, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. nicola.mckeown@tufts.edu.
Hassan S DashtiNutrition & Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. hassan.dashti@mgh.harvard.edu.
Jiantao MaNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA.
Danielle E HaslamNutritional Epidemiology Program, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Jessica C Kiefte-de JongDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Caren E SmithNutrition & Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Toshiko TanakaTranslational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Mariaelisa GraffDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Rozenn N LemaitreDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Denis RybinBoston University Data Coordinating Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Emily SonestedtDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Alexis C Frazier-WoodUSDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Dennis O Mook-KanamoriDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Yanping LiDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Carol A WangSchool of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
Elisabeth T M LeermakersDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Vera MikkiläResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Kristin L YoungDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Kenneth J MukamalDivision of General Medicine and Primary Care, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
L Adrienne CupplesNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA.
Christina-Alexandra SchulzDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Tzu-An ChenUSDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Ruifang Li-GaoDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Tao HuangDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Wendy H OddyTelethon Kids Institute, Subiaco, WA, Australia.
Olli RaitakariResearch Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Kenneth RiceDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
James B MeigsProgram in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Ulrika EricsonDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Lyn M SteffenDivision of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Frits R RosendaalDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Albert HofmanDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Mika KähönenDepartment of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Bruce M PsatyDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Louise BrunkwallDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Andre G UitterlindenDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Jorma ViikariDepartment of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
David S SiscovickThe New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Ilkka SeppäläDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Kari E NorthDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Dariush MozaffarianFriedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Josée DupuisNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study and Population Sciences Branch, Framingham, MA, USA.
Marju Orho-MelanderDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Stephen S RichCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Renée de MutsertDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Lu QiDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Craig E PennellSchool of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
Oscar H FrancoDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Terho LehtimäkiFriedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Mark A HermanDivision Of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Erasmus MC · NLLund University · SETufts University · USHarvard University · USLeiden University Medical Center · NLUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USChildren's Nutrition Research Center at Baylor College of Medicine · USFramingham Heart Study · USTurku University Hospital · FIUniversity of Washington · USUniversity of Western Australia · AUBoston University · USBroad Institute · USDuke University · USGroup Health Cooperative · USJean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging · USNational Heart Lung and Blood Institute · USNational Institute on Aging · USNew York Academy of Medicine · USTampere University · FI
Funding
THE FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDYN01HC25195 · NHLBI · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI RAMACHANDRAN, VASAN S · 2007 to 2014
$83.8MInstitute for Clinical and Translational Research (UL1)UL1RR025005 · NCRR · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2007 to 2011
$75.8MUCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0MTransgenic & Knock-out MouseP30DK063491 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Andrea L Hevener · 2003 to 2026
$40.4MTransgenic CoreP30DK057521 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI KAHN, BARBARA B. · 2000 to 2019
$31.4MLong Term Multidisciplinary Study of Cancer in Women: The Nurses Health StudyUM1CA186107 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ELIASSEN, A. HEATHER, STAMPFER, MEIR · 2014 to 2023
$22.3MGenome-Wide Association Analysis in Essential Hypertension (FEHGAS study)R01HL086694 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ARAVINDA CHAKRAVARTI · 2007 to 2026
$21.2MRISK FACTORS FOR CVD IN WOMENR01HL034594 · NHLBI · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI JoAnn Elisabeth Manson, Lu Qi · 1985 to 2026
$13.8MEpidemiology of Venous Thrombosis & Pulmonary EmbolismR01HL059367 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI TANG, WEIHONG · 1998 to 2024
$11.8MMulti-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) StudyR01HL071205 · NHLBI · CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER · PI ROTTER, JEROME I · 2003 to 2007
$10.4MExceptional Survival: Trajectories to Functional Aging (CHS All Stars)R01AG023629 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI NEWMAN, ANNE B. · 2004 to 2016
$9.5MCHARGE Consortium: Omics Discovery for CVD and Aging PhenotypesR01HL105756 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Bruce M Psaty, NICHOLAS L SMITH · 2011 to 2026
$9.5MAmerican Heart Association 0730094NBoston Obesity Nutrition Research Center DK46200CIHR MOP-82893Dutch Science Organization 916.14.023Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospital Medical Funds X51001National Health and Medical Research Council Of Australia 003209National Health and Medical Research Council Of Australia 403981NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001109NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000124NHGRI NIH HHS U01HG004402NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200800007CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100005CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100006CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100007CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100008CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100009CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100010CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100011CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100012CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201200036CNHLBI NIH HHS HL034594NHLBI NIH HHS HL071981NHLBI NIH HHS HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS HL126024NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL112845NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC25195NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC55222NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85079NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85080NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85081NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85082NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85083NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC85086NHLBI NIH HHS N02-HL-6-4278NHLBI NIH HHS N02HL64278NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL071051NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL071205NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL071250NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL071251NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL071252NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL071258NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL071259NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL086694NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL087641NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL087652NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL103612NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL120393NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL130114NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL59367NHLBI NIH HHS RR-024156NHLBI NIH HHS U01HL080295NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL130114NIA NIH HHS R01AG023629NIDDK NIH HHS 5K01DK082729-04NIDDK NIH HHS DK063491NIDDK NIH HHS DK091718NIDDK NIH HHS DK100383NIDDK NIH HHS DK58845NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK080140NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK057521NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063491NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK078616NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK100425NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK078616NIH HHS K08 HL112845NIH HHS K24DK080140NIH HHS KL2TR001109NIH HHS R01 CA49449NIH HHS R01-DK100425NIH HHS U01DK078616NIH HHS UL1RR025005NIH HHS UM1 CA186107SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95159SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95160SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95161SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95162SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95163SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95164SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95165SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95166SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95167SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95168SNP Health Association Resources (SHARe) N01-HC-95169Suomen Akatemia 117787Suomen Akatemia 121584Suomen Akatemia 124282Suomen Akatemia 126925Suomen Akatemia 129378Suomen Akatemia 134309Suomen Akatemia 286284Suomen Akatemia 41071United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation 2011036USDA Agriculture Research Service 58-1950-0-014
Abstract
aims/hypothesisSugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major dietary contributor to fructose intake. A molecular pathway involving the carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) and the metabolic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) may influence sugar metabolism and, thereby, contribute to fructose-induced metabolic disease. We hypothesise that common variants in 11 genes involved in fructose metabolism and the ChREBP-FGF21 pathway may interact with SSB intake to exacerbate positive associations between higher SSB intake and glycaemic traits.
methodsData from 11 cohorts (six discovery and five replication) in the CHARGE (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology) Consortium provided association and interaction results from 34,748 adults of European descent. SSB intake (soft drinks, fruit punches, lemonades or other fruit drinks) was derived from food-frequency questionnaires and food diaries. In fixed-effects meta-analyses, we quantified: (1) the associations between SSBs and glycaemic traits (fasting glucose and fasting insulin); and (2) the interactions between SSBs and 18 independent SNPs related to the ChREBP-FGF21 pathway.
resultsIn our combined meta-analyses of discovery and replication cohorts, after adjustment for age, sex, energy intake, BMI and other dietary covariates, each additional serving of SSB intake was associated with higher fasting glucose (β ± SE 0.014 ± 0.004 [mmol/l], p = 1.5 × 10 CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationIn this large meta-analysis, we observed that SSB intake was associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin. Although a suggestive interaction with a genetic variant in the ChREBP-FGF21 pathway was observed in the discovery cohorts, this observation was not confirmed in the replication analysis.
trial registrationTrials related to this study were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005131 (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities), NCT00005133 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Offspring Study), NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) and NCT00005152 (Nurses' Health Study).
Indexed as
BeveragesSweetening AgentsBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsBlood GlucoseFastingFemaleFibroblast Growth FactorsHumansInsulinMaleBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsBlood Glucosefibroblast growth factor 21Fibroblast Growth FactorsInsulinMLXIPL protein, humanSweetening AgentsCarbohydrate metabolismEpidemiologyGeneticsMeta-analysisNutritionType 2 diabetes
Identifiers
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Registered trials
NCT00005121ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00005131ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00005133ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00005152ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT00005487ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.