ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2018
Early academic achievement in children with isolated clefts: a population-based study in England.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Review and Meta-Analysis on Altered Brain Structure in Patients Born with Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Pooled it
- Academic achievement and needs of school-aged children born with selected congenital anomalies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Birth defects research · 2021Pooled it
- Cleft lip/palate and educational attainment: cause, consequence or correlation? A Mendelian randomization study.International journal of epidemiology · 2020Pooled it
- Article
- Educational outcomes of children with major congenital anomalies: Study protocol for a population-based cohort study using linked hospital and education data from England.NIHR open research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Behavioral Problems in 5-Year-Old Children Born with Cleft Lip and/or Palate from the Cleft Collective.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2024Observational
- Observational
- Impact of special educational needs provision on hospital utilisation, school attainment and absences for children in English primary schools stratified by gestational age at birth: A target trial emulation study protocol.NIHR open research · 2023Article
- Article
- Academic outcomes of children with orofacial clefts: A review of the literature and recommendations for future research.Oral diseases · 2022Review
- The Impact of Cleft Lip/Palate and Surgical Intervention on Adolescent Life Outcomes.Annals of global health · 2022Article
- Article
- Educational Attainment of Children Born with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate in the United Kingdom.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2021Article
- Cleft lip and palate: Care configuration, national registration, and research strategies.Journal of the World federation of orthodontists · 2020Article
- Word Reading in Boys With Isolated Oral Clefts: Comparison to Unaffected Average and Dyslexic Readers Using the Dual-Route Model.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2020Article
- Data Resource: the National Pupil Database (NPD).International journal of population data science · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrection:2021
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe used national data to study differences in academic achievement between 5-year-old children with an isolated oral cleft and the general population. We also assessed differences by cleft type.
methodsChildren born in England with an oral cleft were identified in a national cleft registry. Their records were linked to databases of hospital admissions (to identify additional anomalies) and educational outcomes. Z-scores (signed number of SD actual score is above national average) were calculated to make outcome scores comparable across school years and across six assessed areas (
results2802 children without additional anomalies, 5 years old between 2006 and 2012, were included. Academic achievement was significantly below national average for all six assessed areas with z-scores ranging from -0.24 (95% CI -0.32 to -0.16) for
conclusionsCompared with national average, 5-year-old children with an isolated oral cleft, especially those involving the palate, have significantly poorer academic achievement across all areas of learning. These outcomes reflect results of modern surgical techniques and multidisciplinary approach. Children with a cleft may benefit from extra academic support when starting school.
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