ArticleEndocrinology2018
Placental Growth Factor Is Required for Ovulation, Luteinization, and Angiogenesis in Primate Ovulatory Follicles.
Article in Endocrinology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of GnRH Agonist (Long Protocol) vs GnRH Antagonist (Flexible Protocol) on IVF/ICSI Outcomes.
Effect of GnRH Agonist (Long Protocol) vs GnRH Antagonist (Flexible Protocol) on IVF/ICSI Outcomes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-cell analysis of follicular fluid reveals dysregulation of ovulatory immune function in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome patients undergoing ovarian stimulation†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Placental Growth Factor Secreted from Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Ovarian Function in TAA-Injured Rats via Antioxidant Effects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Prokaryotic expression of the giant panda VEGFA gene and the preparation and characterization of its monoclonal antibodies.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Article
- Neurotensin drives theca cell migration during ovulation in primates†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Bushen Zhuluan Decoction alleviates diminished ovarian reserve by regulating the mJournal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Neurotensin Regulates Primate Ovulation Via Multiple Neurotensin Receptors.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- New insights into the ovulatory process in the human ovary.Human reproduction update · 2025Review
- Novel Plasma Membrane Androgen Receptor SLC39A9 Mediates Ovulatory Changes in Cells of the Monkey Ovarian Follicle.Endocrinology · 2024Article
- Neurotensin modulates ovarian vascular permeability via adherens junctions.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- A single-cell gene expression atlas of human follicular aspirates: Identification of leukocyte subpopulations and their paracrine factors.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2023Article
- Luteinizing hormone receptor promotes angiogenesis in ovarian endothelial cells of Macaca fascicularis and Homo sapiens†.Biology of reproduction · 2023Article
- hiPSC-derived bone marrow milieu identifies a clinically actionable driver of niche-mediated treatment resistance in leukemia.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- Follicular fluid PlGF and IVF/ICSI outcomes among PCOS and normo-ovulatory women using different controlled hyperstimulation protocols: A prospective case-control study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Effects of Melatonin on the Transcriptome of Human Granulosa Cells, Fertilization and Blastocyst Formation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Neurotensin: a neuropeptide induced by hCG in the human and rat ovary during the periovulatory period†.Biology of reproduction · 2021Article
- Neurotensin: A novel mediator of ovulation?FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2021Article
- Newly Identified Regulators of Ovarian Folliculogenesis and Ovulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- Copper promotion of myocardial regeneration.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2020Review
- Identification of potential molecular targets associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.BMC ophthalmology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Placental growth factor (PGF) is member of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of angiogenesis regulators. VEGFA is an established regulator of ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum. To determine whether PGF also mediates aspects of ovulation and luteinization, macaques received gonadotropins to stimulate multiple follicular development. Ovarian biopsies and whole ovaries were collected before (0 hours) and up to 36 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration to span the ovulatory interval. PGF and VEGFA were expressed by both granulosa cells and theca cells. In follicular fluid, PGF and VEGFA levels were lowest before hCG. PGF levels remained low until 36 hours after hCG administration, when PGF increased sevenfold to reach peak levels. Follicular fluid VEGFA increased threefold to reach peak levels at 12 hours after hCG, then dropped to intermediate levels. To explore the roles of PGF and VEGFA in ovulation, luteinization, and follicular angiogenesis in vivo, antibodies were injected into the follicular fluid of naturally developed monkey follicles; ovariectomy was performed 48 hours after hCG, with ovulation expected about 40 hours after hCG. Intrafollicular injection of control immunoglobulin G resulted in no retained oocytes, follicle rupture, and structural luteinization, including granulosa cell hypertrophy and capillary formation in the granulosa cell layer. PGF antibody injection resulted in oocyte retention, abnormal rupture, and incomplete luteinization, with limited and disorganized angiogenesis. Injection of a VEGFA antibody resulted in oocyte retention and very limited follicle rupture or structural luteinization. These studies demonstrate that PGF, in addition to VEGFA, is required for ovulation, luteinization, and follicular angiogenesis in primates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.