Trial reportJournal of epidemiology2018
Effectiveness of a Self-monitoring Device for Urinary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio on Dietary Improvement in Free-Living Adults: a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Journal of epidemiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of self-monitoring devices measuring the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio, urinary salt (sodium) excretion, or salt concentration in foods for blood pressure management: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Randomized Clinical Trial of ICT-based Interventions for Sodium and Potassium Regulation in Healthy Adults.American journal of hypertension · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effect of population-approach programs promoting salt reduction and potassium intake in Japan: the Population-based Sodium/Potassium Improvement Program (PoSPIP).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Observational
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for blood pressure control using digital technologies.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension 2025 (JSH2025).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Association between urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and BNP in a general population without antihypertensive treatment and cardiovascular diseases: the Ohasama study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Does casual urine Na/K ratio predict 24 h urine Na/K ratio in treated hypertensive patients? Comparison between casual urine voided in the morning vs. 24 h urine collected on the previous day.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Practical use and target value of urine sodium-to-potassium ratio in assessment of hypertension risk for Japanese: Consensus Statement by the Japanese Society of Hypertension Working Group on Urine Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- Does daily self-monitoring of urinary sodium to potassium ratio decrease salt intake?Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- Effects of salt intake reduction by urinary sodium to potassium ratio self-monitoring method.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- Association between Eating Habits and Sodium Intake among Chinese University Students.Nutrients · 2023Article
- The spot urine sodium-to-potassium ratio as a marker of hypertension risk.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2022Article
- Consideration of the reference value and number of measurements of the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio based on the prevalence of untreated home hypertension: TMM Cohort Study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2022Article
- Response to "Letter to the Editor regarding the report entitled Urinary sodium/potassium ratio as a screening tool for hyperaldosteronism in men with hypertension".Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2022Article
- Interventions for Adherence Improvement in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases: Expert Consensus Statement.Korean circulation journal · 2022Review
- Development of a Method for Estimating Dietary Salt Intake Using the Overnight Urinary Sodium/Potassium Ratio.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2021Article
- Urinary N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide as a biomarker for cardiovascular events in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundReducing the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio is important for reducing both blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular disease. Among free-living Japanese individuals, we carried out a randomized trial to clarify the effect of lifestyle modification for lowering urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio using a self-monitoring device.
methodsThis was an open, prospective, parallel randomized, controlled trial. Ninety-two individuals were recruited from Japanese volunteers. Participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. A month-long dietary intervention on self-monitoring urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio was carried out using monitors (HEU-001F, OMRON Healthcare Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). All participants had brief dietary education and received a leaflet as usual care. Monitors were handed out to the intervention group, but not to the control group. The intervention group was asked to measure at least one spot urine sodium-to-potassium ratio daily, and advised to lower their sodium-to-potassium ratio toward the target of less than 1. Outcomes included changes in 24-hour urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio, sodium excretion, potassium excretion, blood pressure, and body weight in both groups.
resultsMean measurement frequency of monitoring was 2.8 times/day during the intervention. Changes in urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio were -0.55 in the intervention group and -0.06 in the control group (P = 0.088); respective sodium excretion changes were -18.5 mmol/24 hours and -8.7 mmol/24 hours (P = 0.528); and corresponding potassium excretion was 2.6 mmol/24 hours and -1.5 mmol/24 hours (P = 0.300). No significant reductions were observed in either blood pressure or body weight after the intervention.
conclusionsProviding the device to self-monitor a sodium-to-potassium ratio did not achieve the targeted reduction of the ratio in "pure self-management" settings, indicating further needs to study an effective method to enhance the synergetic effect of dietary programs and self-monitoring practice to achieve the reduction. However, we cannot deny the possibility of reducing sodium-to-potassium ratio using a self-monitoring device.
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