ArticleJournal of epidemiology2018
Association Between Passive Smoking and the Risk of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 1 in Korean Women.
Article in Journal of epidemiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Prognostic role of pretreatment thrombocytosis on survival in patients with cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2019Pooled it
- The relation of passive smoking with cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Strategies in Cervical Cancer-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Exploring lichen-derived compounds as potential anti-cervical cancer agents: an DFT and MD simulation analysis.In silico pharmacology · 2025Article
- [Obstetric-gynecological and social factors for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2024Article
- Cervical cancer: Challenges and prevention strategies: A narrative review.Health science reports · 2024Review
- Second-hand smoke exposure and cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Article
- Article
- Association Between Smoking And Cancers Among Women: Results From The FRiCaM Multisite Cohort Study.Journal of Cancer · 2021Article
- Article
- Clinical and Prognostic Significance of TZAP Expression in Cervical Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
- Effects on Vaginal Microbiota Restoration and Cervical Epithelialization in Positive HPV Patients Undergoing Vaginal Treatment with Carboxy-Methyl-Beta-Glucan.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Prevalence, knowledge and education level associated with secondhand smoke exposure among never-smoking women in Inner Mongolia, Northern China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2020Article
- Key Molecular Events in Cervical Cancer Development.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Review
- A Brief Overview of Oncogenes and Signal Transduction Pathways in Gynecological Cancer.Cancer diagnosis & prognosisReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe role of passive smoking on cervical carcinogenesis remains controversial. We investigated the association of passive smoking with the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer.
methodsThe study recruited 1,322 women, aged 18-65 with normal cytology (n = 592), CIN1 (n = 420), CIN2/3 (n = 165), and cervical cancer (n = 145) from 2006 to 2009. This study is a cross-sectional analysis using the baseline data from the Korean human papillomavirus (HPV) cohort study. Detailed information on smoking behaviors and lifestyles were collected using questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs).
resultsPassive smoking was not statistically related to the risk of CINs and cervical cancer. However, passive smoking among non-smokers was associated with higher CIN 1 risk (OR 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-2.18), compared to not passive smoking, after adjusting for demographic factors, lifestyles, and oncogenic-HPV infection status. CIN 1 risk increased with longer time exposed to passive smoking (P for trend <0.0003). Multivariate odds of <2 hours/day of passive smoking and that of ≥2 hours/day of passive smoking were 2.48 (95% CI, 1.49-4.14) and 2.28 (95% CI, 1.21-4.26) for CIN 1, compared to not passive smoking.
conclusionsThis study found that passive smoking among non-smoking women is associated with the risk of CIN 1.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.