SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2018
Association of whole grain intake with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis from prospective cohort studies.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Whole Grain Food Definition Effects on Determining Associations of Whole Grain Intake and Body Weight Changes: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Whole Grains, Refined Grains, and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Mobile Health Technology: Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Mediterranean Diet Pyramid: A Proposal for Italian People. A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies to Derive Serving Sizes.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evaluating Mediterranean diet and risk of chronic disease in cohort studies: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.European journal of epidemiology · 2018Pooled it
- Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Exhaled Breath Compounds after Whole Grain Diets.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Trial
- Dietary patterns are associated with gestational weight gain and nutrient adequacy during pregnancy: the effects of healthy diet in pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- [Nutrition recommendations for people with diabetes (Update 2026)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Review
- Revision of the Choices Nutrient Profiling System.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Uncovering non-linear dietary predictors of cardiovascular disease risk in older adults with periodontitis: a cross-sectional analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Compliance of large language model generated meal plans with polish dietary recommendations: a real-world evaluation under average user conditions-3(LM)Diet study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Should Grain-Based Staple Foods Be Included in Admonitions to "Avoid Processed and Ultra-Processed Food"?Nutrients · 2025Review
- Trend and age-period-cohort analysis of colorectal cancer burden attributable to low whole grains intake: a global, regional, and national analysis with predictive modeling (1990-2046).Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Putting gluten back on menu - Safety assessment of polyphenol-rich wheat varieties in Celiac Disease.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2024Article
- Initial implicit association between whole grains and taste does not predict consumption of whole grains in low-whole grain consumers: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- [Nutrition for diabetic patients (Update 2023)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Article
- Dietary Inflammatory Index and Mortality from All Causes, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer: A Prospective Study.Cancers · 2022Article
- General Health Benefits and Pharmacological Activities ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesWhole grains are rich source of nutrients and have shown beneficial effects on human health. This study was designed to systematically review the existing results and quantitatively assess the dose-response relationship of whole grain intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. SUBJECTS/
methodsWe searched 'whole grain' or 'whole grains' in combination with 'mortality'' or 'cardiovascular disease' or 'cancer' through the Web of Science and PubMed databases till 20 January 2016. To be eligible for inclusion, publications should be prospective cohort studies and reported the influence of whole grain intake on human mortality. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from the included studies were pooled by a random effects model or fixed effect model.
resultsWe included 19 cohort studies from 17 articles, with 1 041 692 participants and 96 710 deaths in total, in the analyses. We observed an inverse relationship of whole grain intake with risk of total, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality. The pooled RR was 0.84 (95% CI 0.81-0.88, n=9) for total mortality, 0.83 (95% CI 0.79-0.86, n=8) for CVD mortality and 0.94 (95% CI 0.87-1.01, n=14) for cancer mortality, comparing the highest intake of whole grain with the lowest category. For dose-response analysis, we found a nonlinear relationship of whole grain intake with risk of total, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. Each 28 g/d intake of whole grains was associated with a 9% (pooled RR: 0.91 (0.90-0.93)) lower risk for total mortality, 14% (pooled RR: 0.86 (0.83-0.89)) lower risk for CVD mortality and 3% (pooled RR: 0.97 (0.95-0.99)) lower risk for cancer mortality.
conclusionsOur study shows that whole grain intake was inversely associated with risk of total, CVD and cancer mortality. Our results support current dietary guidelines to increase the intake of whole grains. Government officials, scientists and medical staff should take actions to promote whole grains intake.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.