ReviewCancer science2018
Immune-suppressive effects of interleukin-6 on T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.
Review in Cancer science, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral cytokine levels as novel predictors of survival in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Immunoregulation with mTOR inhibitors to prevent COVID-19 severity: A novel intervention strategy beyond vaccines and specific antiviral medicines.Journal of medical virology · 2020Pooled it
- Cytokines and chemokines in plasma as markers reflecting immunophenotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Human cell · 2026Article
- IL‑6: A key player in the EGFR‑TKI‑resistant tumor microenvironment and its therapeutic implications (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Incensole enhances anti-tumor immunity and inhibits melanoma progression by modulating macrophage polarization and suppressing metastasis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Tumor Microenvironment Onmyoji: Cytokines with Dual Protumor and Antitumor Roles.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- Immune cell-derived exosomes in cancer: double-edged mechanisms of antitumor immunity and tumor progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Aging-induced hepatocyte CD44 drives IL6/STAT3 signaling and associates with impaired neighboring T cell function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Using routine blood tests to predict severe immune-related adverse events during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- PRKCSH deficiency promotes an anti-tumor immune microenvironment via UPR activation and M1 macrophage polarization.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- SOAT1 in ovarian cancer cells regulates immune response mediated by CD8Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Engineered Fenretinide- and Tocilizumab-Releasing Janus Nanoparticles for Site-Directed Immunochemoprevention of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- CAR T expansion and systemic inflammation: diverging impacts on large B-cell lymphoma therapy in the multicenter CART SIE study.Haematologica · 2025Article
- Prognostic utility of the CALLY index in metastatic melanoma: building a nomogram for Patients on Anti-PD-1 therapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- m6A-Mediated Methylation Patterns and Their Association With Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- A Rare Case of Interleukin-6-producing Adrenocortical Carcinoma Presenting with a Persistent Fever.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Review
- Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia vs. General Anesthesia on Postoperative Cytokines: A Review and Meta-Analysis.Cancers · 2025Review
- Review
- Osteosarcoma Exosome Priming of Primary Human Lung Fibroblasts Induces an Immune Modulatory and Protumorigenic Phenotype.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Accompanied by the growing clinical applications of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer patients, development of novel therapeutic approaches to reverse the immune-suppressive environment in cancer patients is eagerly anticipated, because the success of cancer immunotherapy is currently limited by immune-suppressive effects in tumor-bearing hosts. Interleukin (IL)-6, a pleotropic proinflammatory cytokine, participates in tumor cell-autonomous processes that are required for their survival and growth, and is therefore known as a poor prognostic factor in cancer patients. In addition, an emerging role of IL-6 in modulating multiple functions of immune cells including T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages is responsible for the dysfunction of innate and adaptive immunity against tumors. Therefore, the IL-6-targeting approach is of value as a promising strategy for desensitization and prevention of immune-suppressive effects, and should be an effective treatment when combined with current immunotherapies. The aim of the present review is to discuss the immune-suppressive aspects of IL-6, notably with modification of T-cell functions in cancer patients, and their relationship to anti-tumor immune responses and cancer immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.