ArticleClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology2017
Tailored botulinum toxin type A injections in aesthetic medicine: consensus panel recommendations for treating the forehead based on individual facial anatomy and muscle tone.
Article in Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Italian Expert Consensus on the Efficacy and Safety of High Doses of Incobotulinum Toxin A (BocoutureDermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- Anatomical consideration for botulinum toxin injection of the frontalis muscle based on analysis of intramuscular innervation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Botulinum Toxin in Aesthetic Medicine: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Methodological Quality of the Top 100 Cited Publications.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Botulinum Type A Injection for the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia and Pruritus Persisting for More Than Four Years-A Case Report.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Optimized Aesthetic Outcomes When Treating Glabellar Lines with Botulinum Toxin Type A: GLO 3 + 2: A Precise Technique Based on Anatomy.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2024Article
- Impact of Glabellar Injection Technique With DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection on Brow Position.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2023Article
- Integrative Assessment for Optimizing Aesthetic Outcomes When Treating Glabellar Lines With Botulinum Toxin Type A: An Appreciation of the Role of the Frontalis.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2023Review
- Impact of DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection on Brow Position and Frontalis Muscle Activity Following Treatment of Glabellar Lines.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2023Article
- Use of LetibotulinumtoxinA for Aesthetic Treatment of Asians: A Consensus.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2023Review
- Real-World, Retrospective, Multicenter, Observational Study on the Use of the First Liquid AbobotulinumtoxinA in Italy.Dermatology and therapy · 2023Article
- Dynamic Evaluation of Skin Displacement by the Frontalis Muscle Contraction Using Three-Dimensional Skin Displacement Vector Analysis.Yonsei medical journal · 2023Article
- Creating Lift in the Lower Face With Botulinum Toxin A Treatment: An Anatomical Overview With Videos and Case Studies Illustrating Patient Evaluation and Treatment.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2022Article
- [New botulinum toxins for aesthetic dermatology : A comprehensive review].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2021Review
- Consensus on the Use of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers from the Cohesive Polydensified Matrix Range: Best Practice in Specific Facial Indications.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2021Article
- COMMENTARY ON BOTULINUM TOXIN INJECTIONS: A CALL FOR IMPROVED ACCURACY.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2020Review
- Association Between Secondary Botulinum Toxin A Treatment Failure in Cosmetic Indication and Anti-Complexing Protein Antibody Production.Dermatology and therapy · 2020Article
- Maximizing botulinum toxin injections for cosmetic and therapeutic applications with a single use, disposable, exact dose injection assist device.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFacial lines and wrinkles are strongly influenced by individual differences in anatomy and muscle activity and no single injection protocol will suit all patients. However, there is only limited information in the published literature on how to develop a tailored approach to botulinum toxin treatment.
methodsAn expert panel of physicians was convened to establish a consensus on developing an individualized approach to treatment of the forehead with incobotulinumtoxinA. Separate treatment protocols were developed for men and women and subdivided by background level of muscle activity: kinetic, hyperkinetic, and hypertonic. Each muscle tone category was then further subdivided to take account of individual characteristics that can influence treatment.
resultsConsensus members describe how to perform a dynamic assessment to optimize the dose and injection technique for each patient. A tailored treatment protocol is described for men and women with a wide range of forehead presentations. For each presentation, units of toxin as well as the precise location of injection points were defined by creating a 12-zone map of the forehead.
conclusionThese recommendations depart from traditional consensus documents by providing detailed incobotulinumtoxinA injection protocols for the forehead based on the major parameters that differ between patients, including muscular anatomy, size, and tone. It is expected that the use of this document will lead to more satisfactory, natural, and individualized aesthetic outcomes for patients.
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