Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29089606›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Urology2018

The inflammatory microenvironment and microbiome in prostate cancer development.

Karen S Sfanos, Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian, William G Nelson, Angelo M De Marzo

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Urology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 268 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
268citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

268 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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208 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Karen S SfanosDepartment of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Srinivasan YegnasubramanianDepartment of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
William G NelsonDepartment of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Angelo M De MarzoDepartment of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic inflammation promotes the development of several types of solid cancers and might contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. This hypothesis partly originates in the frequent observation of inflammatory cells in the prostate microenvironment of adult men. Inflammation is associated with putative prostate cancer precursor lesions, termed proliferative inflammatory atrophy. Inflammation might drive prostate carcinogenesis via oxidative stress and generation of reactive oxygen species that induce mutagenesis. Additionally, inflammatory stress might cause epigenetic alterations that promote neoplastic transformation. Proliferative inflammatory atrophy is enriched for proliferative luminal epithelial cells of intermediate phenotype that might be prone to genomic alterations leading to prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer. Studies in animals suggest that inflammatory changes in the prostate microenvironment contribute to reprogramming of prostate epithelial cells, a possible step in tumour initiation. Prostatic infection, concurrent with epithelial barrier disruption, might be a key driver of an inflammatory microenvironment; the discovery of a urinary microbiome indicates a potential source of frequent exposure of the prostate to a diverse number of microorganisms. Hence, current evidence suggests that inflammation and atrophy are involved in prostate carcinogenesis and suggests a role for the microbiome in establishing an inflammatory prostate microenvironment that might promote prostate cancer development and progression.

Indexed as

MicrobiotaTumor MicroenvironmentAgingAnimalsAtrophyCell Transformation, NeoplasticEpitheliumHumansImmunotherapyInflammationMaleProstateProstatic NeoplasmsProstatitis

Identifiers

PMID29089606

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.