ArticlePsychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)2018
Long-Term Use of Benzodiazepines and Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotics, 1999-2014.
Article in Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pilot RCT Testing A Mailing About Sleeping Pills and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia: Impact on Benzodiazepines and Z-Drugs.Clinical gerontologistTrial
- Global emergence and γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAArchives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Health and economic burden of insomnia medications among older Americans: findings from the future elderly model.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- The grinding route for synthesis of dihydropyrrolophenanthrolines and their conversion to dipyrrolophenanthrolines under reflux condition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Increased NMDAR activity and GluN2A-NMDAR silent synapse expansion induced by chronic benzodiazepine treatment.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Diagnosis, treatment, and associated outcomes of later-life insomnia: a narrative review.Sleep · 2025Review
- Patterns of Polydrug Use in Patients Presenting at the Emergency Department with Acute Intoxication.Toxics · 2025Article
- Untreated insomnia as a contributor to geographic disparities in risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Sleep health · 2025Article
- Psychiatric and racial/ethnic differences in incident and long-term benzodiazepine use: A commercial healthcare claims study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2025Article
- Applying Natural Language Processing Techniques to Map Trends in Insomnia Treatment Terms on the r/Insomnia Subreddit: Infodemiology Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Association Between Sleep Duration and Anxiety in US Adults: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Article
- Chronic benzodiazepine treatment triggers gephyrin scaffold destabilization and GABAFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Initial validation of the expectancies for Benzodiazepine Analgesia Scale.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Examining Adult Patients' Success with Discontinuing Long-term Benzodiazepine Use: a Qualitative Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Article
- Synthesis of pyrrole-fused dibenzoxazepine/dibenzothiazepine/triazolobenzodiazepine derivatives via isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions.Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2024Article
- Article
- Trends and patterns of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs prescriptions in Australian general practice: A national study (2011-2018).Drug and alcohol review · 2023Article
- Benzodiazepine Use and Dependence in Relation to Chronic Pain Intensity and Pain Catastrophizing.The journal of pain · 2023Article
- Mapping the insomnia patient journey in Europe and Canada.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Hazardous use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists in psychiatric clinics in China: electronic prescription database study.BJPsych open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveClinical guidelines suggest that benzodiazepines (BZDs) and non-BZD hypnotics (NBHs) be used on a short-term basis. The authors examined trends in long-term BZD and NBH use from 1999 to 2014.
methodsData included 82,091 respondents in the 1999-2014 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES recorded medications used in the past 30 days on the basis of prescription bottles, and participants reported use duration. BZD and NBH use were categorized as short, medium, and long term, and time trends in use were assessed.
resultsBZD and NBH use increased from 1999 to 2014, driven by increases in medium- and long-term use, even after adjustment for age and race-ethnicity. In most years, only a fifth of current BZD or NBH users reported short-term use.
conclusionsLong-term BZD and NBH use has grown independent of U.S. demographic shifts. Monitoring of use is needed to prevent adverse outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.