ArticleSleep2018
Slow-Wave Sleep Is Associated With Incident Hypertension: The Sleep Heart Health Study.
Article in Sleep, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Publications on the Associations Between Sleep Architecture and Arterial Hypertension.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Pooled it
- Comprehensive Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Five-Class Sleep Stage Classification Using PPG Signals.Research square · 2026Article
- Sleep loss as a cardiometabolic risk factor: a narrative review of clinical and public health implications.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Review
- The NALCN channel complex is necessary for stabilizing sleep in Caenorhabditis elegans.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- SleepJEPA: Learning the latent world of sleep with at-home sleep data to estimate disease risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Age-Related Differences in Sleep Measures Among Pediatric Patients With Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Sleep disorders among elderly hypertensive patients: associated factors and implications for management.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Sleep disruption from inhalation of biomass smoke: a basis for coincident hypertension?Particle and fibre toxicology · 2025Article
- Sleep Temporal Entropy as a Novel Digital Biomarker of Sleep Fragmentation for Cardiometabolic and Mortality Risk.Research square · 2025Article
- Sleep Temporal Entropy as a Novel Digital Biomarker of Sleep Fragmentation for Cardiometabolic and Mortality Risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Association between sleep duration and hypertension risk in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Gender-specific associations between slow wave sleep and cardiovascular risk factors: too early to tell?Sleep · 2025Article
- Article
- Daily changes in sleep stages and associated cardiovascular parameters during pregnancy: using a wearable device.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Short Sleep Duration and Hypertension: A Double Hit for the Brain.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Mitigating Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors: Hype or Hope?Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Interactions of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With the Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Part 1: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2024Review
- Association of Disrupted Delta Wave Activity During Sleep With Long-Term Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Relationship between ODI and sleep structure of obstructive sleep apnea and cardiac remodeling.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Objective sleep characteristics and hypertension: a community-based cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We sought to quantify the association between slow-wave (stage N3) sleep and hypertension in a large cohort of middle-aged men and women. Data from 1850 participants free of baseline hypertension from the Sleep Heart Health Study were analyzed. The primary exposure was percentage of N3 sleep on baseline in-home polysomnography and the primary outcome was incident hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg, and/or use of any blood pressure lowering medications at follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for study site, age, sex, race, waist circumference, tobacco use, alcohol use, apnea-hypopnea index, nocturnal oxygen desaturation, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and arousal index. Mean age was 59.4 ± 10.1 years and 55.5% were female. The mean baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 118.8 and 70.6 mm Hg, respectively. Approximately 30% of the sample developed hypertension during a mean follow-up of 5.3 years. In the multi-adjusted model, participants in quartiles 1 (<9.8%) and 2 (9.8%-17.7%) of N3 sleep had significantly greater odds of incident hypertension compared with those in quartile 3 (17.7%-25.2%) (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.21-2.36, p = .002 and OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.04-2.00, p = .03, respectively). No significant effect modification by sex on the N3-hypertension association was observed. In conclusion, compared with intermediate levels of N3 sleep (overlapping the "normal" adult range), lower levels of percent N3 sleep are associated with increased odds of incident hypertension in both men and women, independent of potential confounders, including indices of sleep apnea and sleep fragmentation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.