ArticleNature microbiology2018
DISARM is a widespread bacterial defence system with broad anti-phage activities.
Article in Nature microbiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 190 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
190 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evolutionary dynamics and research hotspots of phage applications againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Advances in phage-host interaction prediction: in silico method enhances the development of phage therapies.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Pooled it
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- Type III Druantia two-component antiphage defense depends on the DruH-DruE interaction for inhibiting viral DNA circularization and replication.Cell insight · 2026Article
- Panorama: A robust pangenome-based method for predicting and comparing biological systems across species.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Genome Characterization of Temperate Bacteriophages and Associated Genetic Features in Avian PathogenicAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Systematic discovery of bacterial anti-phage systems through a protein domain-centric strategy.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Article
- Bacterial defense mechanisms against bacteriophages: an evolutionary arms race.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- It's not me, it's you: Anti-phage nuclease specificity inside a bacterium.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Review
- Synthetic Biology of Plants and Microbes for Agriculture, Environment, and Future Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- [Research on Bacteriophage Resistance: Coevolutionary Arms Race Between Bacteria and Phages Drives Novel Antibacterial Therapies].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Review
- Bacterial defense systems: Mechanisms, homology to eukaryotic immune systems, and applications.Zoological research · 2026Review
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- Detecting chronically infecting viruses of haloarchaea.FEMS microbiology letters · 2026Article
- Phage and endolysin-based inhibition ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Prophages and their interactions with lytic phages in the human gut microbiota and their impact on microbial diversity, gut health, and disease.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Review
- Ecological determinants of altruism in prokaryote antivirus defense.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Developing High-Efficiency Electroporation Protocols for Hard-To-Transform Halomonas spp.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
130 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The evolutionary pressure imposed by phage predation on bacteria and archaea has resulted in the development of effective anti-phage defence mechanisms, including restriction-modification and CRISPR-Cas systems. Here, we report on a new defence system, DISARM (defence island system associated with restriction-modification), which is widespread in bacteria and archaea. DISARM is composed of five genes, including a DNA methylase and four other genes annotated as a helicase domain, a phospholipase D (PLD) domain, a DUF1998 domain and a gene of unknown function. Engineering the Bacillus paralicheniformis 9945a DISARM system into Bacillus subtilis has rendered the engineered bacteria protected against phages from all three major families of tailed double-stranded DNA phages. Using a series of gene deletions, we show that four of the five genes are essential for DISARM-mediated defence, with the fifth (PLD) being redundant for defence against some of the phages. We further show that DISARM restricts incoming phage DNA and that the B. paralicheniformis DISARM methylase modifies host CCWGG motifs as a marker of self DNA akin to restriction-modification systems. Our results suggest that DISARM is a new type of multi-gene restriction-modification module, expanding the arsenal of defence systems known to be at the disposal of prokaryotes against their viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.