ArticleScientific reports2017
Punishing second-order free riders before first-order free riders: The effect of pool punishment priority on cooperation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- From the Selfish Gene to the "We": Cooperation Often Needs Suppressors.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Discipline and punishment in panoptical public goods games.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Egoistic punishment outcompetes altruistic punishment in the spatial public goods game.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Two ways to overcome the three social dilemmas of indirect reciprocity.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- The role of peer reward and punishment for public goods problems in a localized society.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Second-order free riders, who do not owe punishment cost to first-order free riders in public goods games, lead to low cooperation. Previous studies suggest that for stable cooperation, it is critical to have a pool punishment system with second-order punishment, which gathers resources from group members and punishes second-order free riders as well as first-order free riders. In this study, we focus on the priority of punishment. We hypothesize that the pool punishment system that prioritizes second-order punishment is more likely to achieve cooperation than the system that prioritizes first-order punishment, because the former is more likely to obtain sufficient punishment resources. In the experiments, we compare four pool punishment systems: 1To2 (first-order punishment to second-order punishment), 2To1 (second-order punishment to first-order punishment), 1ONLY (first-order punishment only), and 2ONLY (second-order punishment only). We find that the 2To1 and 2ONLY systems can receive more support than the 1To2 and 1ONLY systems and only the 2To1 system can achieve high cooperation. However, the effect of priority of second-order punishment is observed only when the punishment ratio (PR) is low (Experiment 1), not high (Experiment 2), in which the punishment resource is relatively abundant.
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Registered trials
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